Card file "Didactic games and exercises for the development of speech for preschool children" educator Kumargalieva I. E

Julia Gavryukova

To reveal the creative potential of each child, in my work I am guided by techniques and TRIZ technologies. This versatile tool use as in game as well as in educational activities. Children learn to identify conflicting properties items phenomena, as well as to resolve these contradictions. This is the key to educating a creative person, prepared to solve complex problems in various fields of activity. Application TRIZ technology is helping to nurture a generation of explorers and inventors.

Dear colleagues, I bring to your attention a visual aid for the game "Who is who will be?"

Related publications:

Didactic game on sensory development using ICT. Didactic game by sensory development using ICT. Theme: Multi-colored transformations. Purpose: to introduce children to the colors of the spectrum.

Lesson - a didactic game using Gyenesh blocks "Where did the vegetable hide?" Purpose: To introduce children to size cards. To develop the ability of children to identify the properties of the block (color, size, shape). Develop.

Didactic game using mnemonic tables "Collect an autumn proverb" Stages of working with a mnemonic table: 1. Examination of the table and analysis of images. 2. Parsing the encoded information, i.e., converting from.

Didactic game with TRIZ elements "Split the figures" Purpose: to form operations for classifying blocks according to three criteria (shape, size, color); teach children to identify areas of intersection in games.

Abstract of the GCD on the formation of a healthy lifestyle for children "There will be health, there will be everything" Purpose: the formation of habits in children healthy lifestyle life; learn to take care of your health and take care of it; expand knowledge of the components.

Abstract of the OOD in the preparatory group using the method of didactic syncwine "Visiting a fairy tale" The purpose of OOD: improving the skills of coherent speech of older preschoolers. Tasks: Cognitive: - clarification of children's knowledge about fairy tales, fairy tales.

Summary of the lesson using the project method in the preparatory group "Journey to the Forest" Abstract open lesson using the design method in preparatory group"Journey to the forest" Purpose: - the formation of prerequisites.

GCD using the research method "Big discoveries of a small person" Synopsis of the GCD "Big discoveries of a little man." Integration of educational areas: cognition, communication. Objective: To develop cognitive.

Card file of didactic games

1. Didactic game "Find the mistake"

Game progress: The teacher shows a toy and names a deliberately wrong action that this animal allegedly performs. Children must answer whether this is correct or not, and then list the actions that this animal can actually perform. For example, “The dog is reading. Can a dog read? Children answer: "No." What can a dog do? Children list. Then other animals are named.

2. Didactic game "Tell the word"

Objectives: to teach clearly to pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, to develop auditory attention.

Game progress: The teacher says a phrase, but does not finish the syllable in the last word. Children must complete this word.

Ra-ra-ra - the game begins ....

Ry-ry-ry - the boy has a sha ...

Ro-ro-ro - we have a new w...

Ru-ru-ru - we continue to play ..

Re-re-re - there is a house on th...

Ri-ri-ri - snow on the branches ...

Ar-ar-ar - our self is boiling ....

Ry-ry-ry - he has many children ...

3. Didactic game "It happens or not"

Objectives: to teach to notice inconsistency in judgments, to develop logical thinking.

Game progress: The teacher explains the rules of the game:

● I will tell a story in which you should notice something that does not happen. “In the summer, when the sun was shining brightly, the guys and I went for a walk. We made a snowman out of snow and started sledding.” "Spring has come. All the birds have flown to warmer climes. The bear climbed into his lair and decided to sleep through the whole spring ... "

4. Didactic game "What time of year?"

Objectives: to teach to correlate the description of nature in poetry or prose with a certain time of the year; develop auditory attention, speed of thinking.

Game progress: Children sit on a bench. The teacher asks the question “When does this happen?” and reads a text or a riddle about the different seasons.

5. Didactic game "Where can I do what?"

Goals: activation in speech of verbs used in a certain situation.

Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer them.

What can you do in the forest? (Walk; pick berries, mushrooms; hunt; listen to birdsong; relax). What can you do on the river? What are they doing in the hospital?

6. Didactic game "What, what, what?"

Objectives: to teach to select definitions that correspond to a given example, phenomenon; activate previously learned words.

Game progress: The teacher calls a word, and the players take turns calling as many features as possible that correspond to this subject. Squirrel - red, nimble, big, small, beautiful ....

Coat - warm, winter, new, old ....

Mom is kind, affectionate, gentle, beloved, dear ...

House - wooden, stone, new, panel ...

7. Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

Objectives: to learn to complete sentences with a word of the opposite meaning, to develop attention. Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only say words with the opposite meaning.

Sugar is sweet. and pepper is... (bitter).

In summer, the leaves are green, and in autumn .... (yellow).

The road is wide, and the path .... (narrow).

8. Didactic game "Find out whose sheet"

Objectives: to teach to recognize a plant by a leaf (name a plant by a leaf and find it in nature), develop attention.

Game progress: On a walk, collect fallen leaves from trees, shrubs. Show the children, offer to find out from which tree and find similarities with not fallen leaves.

9. Didactic game "Guess what kind of plant"

Objectives: to teach to describe an object and recognize it by description, to develop memory, attention.

Game progress: The teacher invites one child to describe a plant or make a riddle about it. Other children have to guess what kind of plant it is.

10. Didactic game "Who am I?"

Objectives: to learn to name a plant, to develop memory, attention.

Game progress: The teacher quickly points to the plant. The one who first names the plant and its shape (tree, shrub, herbaceous plant) gets a token.

11. Didactic game "Who has who"

Objectives: to consolidate knowledge about animals, develop attention, memory.

Game progress: The teacher calls the animal, and the children call the cub in the singular and plural. The child who correctly names the cub receives a token.

12. Didactic game "Who (what) flies?"

Objectives: to consolidate knowledge about animals, insects, birds, develop attention, memory.

Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The selected child names some object or animal, and raises both hands up and says: "Flies." When an object that flies is called, all children raise both hands up and say “Flies”, if not, do not raise their hands. If one of the children makes a mistake, he leaves the game.

13. Didactic game "What kind of insect?"

Objectives: to clarify and expand ideas about the life of insects in the fall, to teach how to describe insects according to characteristic features, to cultivate a caring attitude towards all living things, to develop attention.

Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. One subgroup describes the insect, and the other must guess who it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.

14. Didactic game "Hide and Seek"

Objectives: to learn to find a tree according to the description, to consolidate the ability to use prepositions in speech: for, about, in front of, near, because of, between, on; develop auditory attention.

Game progress: On the instructions of the teacher, some of the children hide behind trees and bushes. The leader, according to the instructions of the teacher, is looking for (find who is hiding behind a tall tree, low, thick, thin).

15. Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"

Objectives: to learn to select verbs denoting actions, to develop memory, attention.

Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer with verbs. For each correct answer, the children receive a token.

● What can be done with flowers? (tear, sniff, watch, water, give, plant)

● What does a janitor do? (sweeps, cleans, waters, cleans the paths from snow.

16. Didactic game "What happens?"

Objectives: to teach to classify objects by color, shape, quality, material, to compare, contrast, select as many items as possible that fit this definition; develop attention.

Game progress: Tell what happens:

green - cucumber, crocodile, leaf, apple, dress, tree ....

wide - river, road, tape, street ...

The one with the most words wins.

17. Didactic game "What kind of bird is this?"

Objectives: to clarify and expand ideas about the life of birds in the fall, to teach how to describe birds according to their characteristic features; develop memory; cultivate a caring attitude towards birds.

Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. Children of one subgroup describe the bird, and the other one must guess what kind of bird it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.

18. Didactic game "Guess, we will guess"

Objectives: to consolidate knowledge about the plants of the garden and garden; the ability to name their signs, describe and find them according to the description, develop attention.

Game progress: Children describe any plant in the following order: shape, color, taste. The driver from the description should recognize the plant.

19. Didactic game "It happens - it doesn't happen" (with a ball)

Objectives: to develop memory, attention, thinking, speed of reaction.

Game progress: The teacher pronounces phrases and throws the ball, and the children must quickly answer.

Snow in winter ... (occurs) Frost in summer ... (does not happen)

Hoarfrost in summer ... (does not happen) drops in summer ... (does not happen)

20. Didactic game "Third extra" (plants)

Objectives: to consolidate children's knowledge about the diversity of plants, develop memory, speed of reaction.

Game progress: The teacher names 3 plants (trees and shrubs), one of which is “extra”. For example, maple, linden, lilac. Children must determine which of them is “extra” and clap their hands.

(Maple, linden - trees, lilac - shrub)

21. Didactic game "Riddle game"

Objectives: to expand the stock of nouns in the active vocabulary.

Game progress: Children sit on a bench. The teacher makes riddles. The child who guesses the riddle comes out and guesses the riddle himself. For guessing the riddle, he receives one chip. The one with the most chips wins.

22. Didactic game "Do you know ..."

Objectives: to enrich the vocabulary of children with the names of animals, to consolidate knowledge of models, to develop memory, attention.

Game progress: You need to prepare the chips in advance. The teacher lays out in the first row - images of animals, in the second - birds, in the third - fish, in the fourth - insects. The players alternately call the animals first, then the birds, etc. And lay out the chip in a row with the correct answer. The one with the most chips wins.

23. Didactic game "When does it happen?"

Objectives: to consolidate children's knowledge of the parts of the day, to develop speech, memory.

Game progress: The teacher lays out pictures depicting the life of children in kindergarten: morning exercises, breakfast, classes, etc. Children choose any picture for themselves, look at it. On the word “morning”, all children raise a picture associated with the morning and explain their choice. Then day, evening, night. For each correct answer, the children receive a token.

24. Didactic game "And then what?"

Objectives: to consolidate the knowledge of children about the parts of the day, about the activities of children at different times of the day; develop speech, memory.

Game progress: Children sit in a semicircle. The teacher explains the rules of the game:

● Remember, we talked about what we do in kindergarten throughout the day? And now let's play and find out if you remember everything. We will talk about that in order. What do we do in kindergarten in the morning. Whoever makes a mistake will sit on the last chair, and everyone else will move.

You can introduce such a game moment: the teacher sings the song “I have a pebble. To whom to give? To whom to give? He will answer."

The teacher begins: “We came to kindergarten. Played in the field. What happened next? Passes a pebble to one of the players. He replies: “We did gymnastics” - “And then?” Passes the pebble to another child.

The game continues until the children name the last one - going home.

Note. It is advisable to use a pebble or other object, since it is not the one who wants to answer, but the one who gets it. This forces all children to be attentive and ready to respond.

25. Didactic game "When do you do it?"

Purpose: to consolidate cultural and hygienic skills and knowledge of the parts of the day, to develop attention, memory, speech.

Game progress: The teacher names one child. Then he imitates some action, for example, washing his hands, brushing his teeth, brushing his shoes, combing his hair, etc., and asks: “When do you do this?” if the child answers that he brushes his teeth in the morning, the children correct: "In the morning and in the evening." One of the children can be the leader.

26. Didactic game "Select the word"

Objectives: to teach children to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, to develop auditory attention.

Game progress: The teacher pronounces the words and invites the children to clap their hands when they hear words that have the sound “z” (mosquito song). (Bunny, mouse, cat, castle, goat, car, book, call)

The teacher should pronounce the words slowly, pause after each word so that the children can think.

27. Didactic game "Tree, shrub, flower"

Objectives: to consolidate knowledge of plants, expand the horizons of children, develop speech, memory.

Game progress: The leader pronounces the words "Tree, shrub, flower ..." and walks around the children. Stopping, he points to the child and counts to three, the child must quickly name what the leader stopped on. If the child did not have time or called incorrectly, he is out of the game. The game continues until one player remains.

28. Didactic game "Where what grows?"

Objectives: to teach to understand the processes occurring in nature; give an idea of ​​the purpose of plants; show the dependence of all life on earth on the state of the vegetation cover; develop speech.

Game progress: The teacher names different plants and shrubs, and the children choose only those that grow with us. If children grow up, they clap their hands or jump in one place (you can choose any movement), if not, they are silent.

Apple tree, pear, raspberry, mimosa, spruce, saxaul, sea buckthorn, birch, cherry, sweet cherry, lemon, orange, linden, maple, baobab, tangerine.

If the children did well, you can enumerate the trees faster:

plum, aspen, chestnut, coffee. Rowan, plane tree. Oak, cypress \. Cherry plum, poplar, pine.

At the end of the game, a result is summed up who knows the trees the most.

29. Didactic game "Who will be who (what)?"

Purpose: to develop speech activity, thinking.

Game progress: Children answer the question of an adult: “Who will be (or what will be) ... an egg, a chicken, a boy, an acorn, a seed, an egg, a caterpillar, flour, iron, brick, fabric, etc.?”. If the children come up with several options, for example, from an egg - a chicken, a duckling, a chick, a crocodile. Then they get additional forfeits.

Or the teacher asks: “Who was the chick (egg), bread (flour), car (metal) before.

30. Didactic game "Summer or autumn"

Purpose: to consolidate knowledge of the signs of autumn, differentiating them from the signs of summer; develop memory, speech; dexterity education.

Game progress:

The teacher and children stand in a circle.

Educator. If the leaves turn yellow, this is ... (and throws the ball to one of the children. The child catches the ball and says, throwing it back to the teacher: “Autumn”).

Educator. If the birds fly away - this is .... Etc.

31. Didactic game "Be careful"

Purpose: differentiation of winter and summer clothes; develop auditory attention, speech hearing; increase in vocabulary.

Listen carefully to the verses about clothes, so that later you can list all the names that will be found in these verses. Name summer first. And then winter.

32. Didactic game "Take - do not take"

Purpose: differentiation of forest and garden berries; increase in vocabulary on the topic "Berries"; develop auditory attention.

Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The teacher explains that he will pronounce the name of forest and garden berries. If the children hear the name of a wild berry, they should sit down, and if they hear the name of a garden berry, stretch, raising their hands up.

Strawberries, blackberries, gooseberries, cranberries, red currants, strawberries, black currants, cranberries, raspberries.

33. Didactic game "What is planted in the garden?"

Purpose: to teach to classify objects according to certain characteristics (according to the place of their growth, according to their application); develop the speed of thinking,

auditory attention.

Game progress: Children, do you know what they plant in the garden? Let's play this game: I will name different objects, and you listen carefully. If I name what is planted in the garden, you will answer “Yes”, but if what does not grow in the garden, you will say “No”. Whoever makes a mistake is out of the game.

● Carrot (yes), cucumber (yes), plum (no), beetroot (yes), etc.

34. Didactic game "Who will collect sooner?"

Purpose: to teach children to group vegetables and fruits; to cultivate the speed of reaction to the words of the educator, endurance and discipline.

Game progress: Children are divided into two teams: "Gardeners" and "Gardeners". On the ground are dummies of vegetables and fruits and two baskets. At the command of the educator, the teams begin to collect vegetables and fruits, each in their own basket. Whoever collected first raises the basket up and is considered the winner.

35. Didactic game "Who needs what?"

Purpose: to exercise in the classification of objects, the ability to name things necessary for people of a certain profession; develop attention.

Educator: - Let's remember what people of different professions need to work. I will name the profession, and you will say what he needs for work.

The teacher names the profession, the children say what is needed for work. And then in the second part of the game, the teacher names the subject, and the children say what profession it can be useful for.

36. Didactic game "Make no mistake"

Purpose: to consolidate the knowledge of children about different sports, to develop resourcefulness, ingenuity, attention; cultivate a desire to play sports.

Game progress: The teacher lays out the cut pictures with the image various kinds sports: football, hockey, volleyball, gymnastics, rowing. In the middle of the picture is an athlete, you need to pick up everything he needs for the game.

According to this principle, you can make a game in which children will select tools for various professions. For example, a builder: he needs tools - a shovel, a trowel, a paint brush, a bucket; machines that facilitate the builder's work - a crane, an excavator, a dump truck, etc. In the pictures - people of those professions that children are introduced to throughout the year: a cook, a janitor, a postman, a salesman, a doctor, a teacher, a tractor driver, a mechanic, etc. they select images of the objects of their labor. The correctness of the execution is controlled by the picture itself: from small pictures, a large, whole one should turn out.

37. Didactic game "Guess it!"

Purpose: to teach to describe an object without looking at it, to highlight essential features in it, to recognize the object from the description; develop memory, speech.

Game progress: At the signal of the teacher, the child who received the chip gets up and makes a description of any object from memory, and then passes the chip to the one who will guess. Having guessed, the child describes his object, passes the chip to the next, etc.

38. Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

39. Didactic game "Where is what lies?"

Purpose: to teach to distinguish words with a given sound from a group of words, from a speech stream; fix the correct pronunciation of certain sounds in words; develop attention.

Game progress: The teacher names the object and invites the children to answer where it can be put. For example:

- “Mom brought bread and put it in ... (bread box).

● Masha poured sugar... Where to? (to the sugar bowl)

● Vova washed his hands and put the soap...Where? (Into the soap dish)

40. Didactic game "Catch up with your shadow"

Purpose: to introduce the concept of light and shadow; develop speech.

Game progress: Educator: Who will guess the riddle?

I go - she goes

I stand - she stands,

Run, she runs. Shadow

On a sunny day, if you stand with your face, back or side to the sun, then a dark spot will appear on the ground, this is your reflection, it is called a shadow. The sun sends its rays to the earth, they spread in all directions. Standing in the light, you block the path of the sun's rays, they illuminate you, but your shadow falls on the ground. Where else is there a shadow? What does it look like? Get the shadow. Dance with the shadow.

41. Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

Purpose: to learn to complete sentences with a word of the opposite meaning; develop memory, speech.

Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only say words that are opposite in meaning.

Sugar is sweet, and pepper is .... (bitter)

Leaves are green in summer and green in autumn. (yellow)

The road is wide and the path is... (narrow)

The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... (thick)

42. Didactic game "Who has what color?"

Purpose: to teach children to recognize colors, to consolidate the ability to identify objects by color, to develop speech, attention.

Game progress: The teacher shows, for example, a green square of paper. Children do not name a color, but an object of the same color: grass, sweater, hat, etc.

43. Didactic game "What subject"

Purpose: to teach to classify objects according to a certain attribute (size, color, shape), to consolidate children's knowledge about the size of objects; develop speed of thought.

Game progress: Children sit in a circle. The teacher says:

● Children, the objects that surround us are of different sizes: large, small, long, short, low, high, wide, narrow. In the classroom and on walks, we saw many objects of different sizes. Now I will name one word, and you will list what objects can be called in one word.

In the hands of the teacher is a pebble. He gives it to the child who has to answer.

● Long, - the teacher says and passes the pebble to the neighbor.

● A dress, a rope, a day, a fur coat, - children remember.

● Wide, - the teacher offers the next word.

Children call: road, street, river, tape, etc.

The game is also conducted with the aim of improving the ability of children to classify objects by color, shape. The teacher says:

● Red.

Children take turns answering: a berry, a ball, a flag, an asterisk, a car, etc.

Round (ball, sun, apple, wheel, etc.)

44. Didactic game "What can animals do?"

Purpose: to teach to create a wide variety of word combinations; expand in the mind the semantic content of the word; develop memory.

Game progress: Children turn into "animals". Everyone should tell what he can do, what he eats, how he moves. The one who told correctly receives a picture with the image of an animal.

● I am a red squirrel. I jump from branch to branch. I make supplies for the winter: I collect nuts, dry mushrooms.

● I am a dog, cat, bear, fish, etc.

45. Didactic game "Think of another word"

Purpose: to expand vocabulary; develop attention.

Game progress: The teacher says “Come up with another, similar word from one word. You can say: a bottle of milk, but you can say a milk bottle. Cranberry jelly (cranberry jelly); vegetable soup (vegetable soup); mashed potatoes (mashed potatoes).

46. ​​Didactic game "Pick up similar words"

Purpose: to teach children to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly; develop memory attention.

Game progress: The teacher pronounces words similar in sound: a spoon - a cat, ears - guns. Then he pronounces one word and invites the children to choose others that are similar in sound to him: spoon (cat, leg, window), cannon (fly, drying, cuckoo), bunny (boy, finger), etc.

47. Didactic game "Who will remember more?"

Purpose: to enrich the vocabulary of children with verbs denoting the actions of objects; develop memory, speech.

Game progress: Carlson asks to look at the pictures and tell what they are doing, what else they can do.

Blizzard - sweeps, vyuzhit, purzhit.

Rain - pours, drizzles, drips, drips, starts, whips, ...

Crow - flies, croaks, sits, eats, sits down, drinks, viet, etc.

48. Didactic game "What else are they talking about?"

Purpose: to consolidate and clarify the meaning of polysemantic words; to cultivate a sensitive attitude to the compatibility of words in meaning, to develop speech.

Game progress: Tell Carlson what else can be said like this:

It's raining: it's snowing, winter, boy, dog, smoke.

Playing - girl, radio, ...

Bitter - pepper, medicine, etc.

49. Didactic game "Think up yourself"

Purpose: to teach to see in various objects possible substitutes for other objects suitable for a particular game; to form the ability to use the same object as a substitute for other objects and vice versa; develop speech, imagination.

Game progress: The teacher suggests that each child choose one object (a cube, a cone, a leaf, a pebble, a strip of paper, a lid) and dream up: “How can I play with these objects?” Each child names an object, what it looks like and how you can play with it.

50. Didactic game "Who hears what?"

Purpose: to teach children to designate and name sounds with a word (ringing, rustling, playing, cracking, etc.); cultivate auditory attention; develop ingenuity, endurance.

Game progress: There are various objects on the teacher's table, during the action of which a sound is made: a bell rings; the rustle of a book being leafed through; a pipe plays, a piano sounds, a harp, etc., that is, everything that sounds in a group can be used in the game.

One child is invited behind the screen, who plays there, for example, on a pipe. The children, having heard the sound, guess, and the one who played comes out from behind the screen with a pipe in his hands. The guys are convinced that they are not mistaken. Another child, chosen by the first participant in the game, will play with another instrument. For example, he leafs through a book. Children guess. If it is difficult to immediately answer, the teacher asks to repeat the action, and listen to all the players more carefully. “The book is leafing through, the leaves are rustling,” the children guess. The player comes out from behind the screen and shows how he acted.

This game can also be played while walking. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the sounds: the tractor is working, the birds are singing, the car is honking, the leaves are rustling, etc.

^ Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

(with a ball)

Lemons are sour and sugar is sweet

The dog barks, and the cat ... meows

It's dark at night, and during the day ... it's light

Cold in winter and hot in summer

You eat with your mouth, and you listen ... with your ears

You read with your eyes, but you write with your hand

In the morning we have breakfast, and in the afternoon ... we have lunch

During the day we have lunch, and in the evening ... we have dinner

The bird flies, and the snake ... crawls

The boat floats, and the car ... moves

A person has two legs, and a dog ... has four legs

Birds live in nests, and people ... in houses

It snows in winter, and in summer ... it rains

In Russia they speak Russian, and in England ... in English

They knit from wool, and from fabric ... they sew

The ballerina dances, and the pianist ... plays

Firewood is sawn, and nails ... are hammered

The singer sings, and the builder ... builds
^ Didactic game "The Fourth Extra"

(with a ball)

table, chair, bed, kettle

horse, cat, dog, pike

Christmas tree, strawberry, birch, oak,

cucumber, pumpkin, carrot, hare

notebook, briefcase, newspaper, notebook,

cucumber, watermelon, apple, ball

wolf, fox, bear, cat

violet, chamomile, carrot, cornflower,

doll, car, pyramid, book

sparrow, eagle, swallow, wasp

skis, skates, boat, sled

chair, hammer, saw, planer

snow, frost, heat, ice

snake, snail, butterfly, turtle

brushes, paints, kettle, album

hat, roof, door, window

milk, tea, lemonade, bread

Didactic game "Who will be who (what)?"

Egg ... chicken, crocodile, chick, scrambled eggs

Chicken ... chicken, rooster

Boy ... man, grandfather

Acorn ... oak

Egg ... fish, frog

Flour ... bread, pie, dough, roll

Iron ... with a saw, rails, pipe, machine

Brick ... house, fence

Girl ... a woman, an old woman, a grandmother

Board...desk, chair, closet, floor, house, booth

Bud ... leaf, flower

Wool…sweater, dress, jacket, carpet

Goat kid ... goat, goat

^ Didactic game "Who (what) was?"

Chicken….egg Boots…leather

Horse….foal House….brick

Cow….calf Master….apprentice

Oak…acorn Dog….puppy

Fish .... caviar Leaf .... kidney

Apple tree….seed Sweater….wool

Frog .... tadpole Fur coat ... fur

Butterfly…..caterpillar Bird….chick

Bread .... flour Goat .... goat

Wardrobe….board Sheep….lamb

Bicycle… iron Pig… piglet

Shirt….fabric Horse…foal

^ Stages of conducting didactic games for the speech development of children in the older group.

Preparatory stage

1. Games for the development of the phonetic and phonemic side of speech

"Japanese typewriter"

The game is aimed at reproducing a rhythmic pattern (rhythm) when clapping, tapping or making sound on any instrument (tambourine, rattle, xylophone).

"Let's play a fairy tale"

An adult invites the child to remember the fairy tale "Three Bears". Then, changing the pitch of his voice, he asks to guess who is speaking: Mikhailo Ivanovich (low voice), Nastasya Filippovna (medium-pitched voice) or Mishutka (high-pitched voice). The same remark is pronounced alternately in a voice of different pitch, in three versions:

Who was sitting in my chair?

Who ate from my cup?

Who slept in my bed?

Who was in our house? Etc.

« ^ Broken phone"
Purpose: to develop auditory attention in children.

Game rules. It is necessary to convey the word so that the children sitting next to them do not hear. Who incorrectly conveyed the word, i.e. ruined the phone, transplanted to the last chair.

Game action: whisper the word into the ear of the next sitting player.

Game progress. Children choose a leader with the help of a counting rhyme. Everyone sits on chairs lined up in a row. The leader quietly (in the ear) says a word to the person sitting next to him, he passes it on to the next one, etc. The word must reach the last child. The host asks the latter: “What word did you hear?” If he says the word proposed by the presenter, then the phone is working. If the word is not right, the driver asks everyone in turn (starting from the last one) what word they heard. So they will find out who messed up, "spoiled the phone." The offender takes the place of the last in the row.

"Traffic light"
The adult gives the child two circles - red and green and offers a game: if the child hears the correct name of the thing shown in the picture, he must raise the green circle, if the wrong one is red. Then he shows the picture and loudly, slowly, clearly pronounces sound combinations:

2. Games for the development of the lexical side of speech (the formation of a dictionary)

« ^ We're moving to a new apartment"
Purpose: to teach children to distinguish between objects that are similar in purpose and similar in appearance, to help remember their names; activate the appropriate vocabulary in the children's speech.

Game material:

1. Subject pictures (paired): a cup-glass, a mug-cup, a butter dish-sugar bowl, a teapot-coffee pot, a pan-frying pan, a scarf-kerchief, a hat-hat, a sundress, a sleeveless sweater, trousers-shorts, socks- golfs, stockings, socks, gloves, mittens, sandals, slippers, sandals, satchel-briefcase, chandelier-table lamp.

2. Boxes for folding pictures.

Game progress: 6 children play. The teacher gives each child 2-3 pairs of pictures, for example: a cup-glass, a scarf, a satchel. He says: “Children, we got a new apartment. We need to collect all the things and pack them for the move. First I will pack the dishes. You will help me. Give me only the thing that I name. Be careful - many things look similar. Do not confuse, for example, a mug with a cup, a teapot with a coffee pot. I will put the collected dishes in a blue box.

The teacher names one item from each pair, for example a coffee pot. If the child is mistaken (presents a teapot), the picture remains with him. By the end of the game, the children should not have a single picture left. The winner is the one with the remaining pictures. Then, to activate the corresponding dictionary in the children's speech, the teacher offers one child to take out of the box collected pictures and say that he got it, and the rest - to name the object paired with the presented.

"Tops-roots"
Didactic task: Exercise children in the classification of vegetables (according to the principle: what is edible for them - the root or the fruit on the stem).

Game rules. You can answer with only two words: tops and roots. Whoever made a mistake pays a fant.

Game action. Playing phantoms.

Game progress. The teacher clarifies with the children what they will call tops and what - roots: "We will call the edible root of the vegetable roots, and the edible fruit on the stem - tops."

The teacher names some vegetable, and the children quickly answer what is edible in it: tops or roots. The one who makes a mistake pays a forfeit, which is redeemed at the end of the game.

The teacher may suggest another option; he says: "Tops - and the children remember vegetables that have edible tops."

"Fruits vegetables"
Purpose of the game: differentiation of similar concepts.

Game progress. At the beginning of the game, the facilitator reminds the children which plants we call fruits, which plants we call vegetables. For fruits, the picture "Garden" is selected, and for vegetables - "Garden". These pictures are laid out on different edges of the table. Object pictures depicting fruits and vegetables lie on the table in a pile depicted down. In turn, the children take one picture from the pile, name it, and also explain to which group it belongs. The explanation should be complete: "A tomato is a vegetable because it grows in the garden." If the child gave the wrong answer, the picture returns to its place, and if the child correctly named the picture and attributed it to the desired concept, he takes it for himself. The game ends when all the pictures are in the hands of the children. The one with the most pictures wins.

The game "Fruits-berries" is played in the same way, only before the game these concepts are clarified and other pictures-symbols are selected: a bush for berries and a tree for fruits.

"Housewarming"
Purpose: differentiation of the concepts of "clothes" and "shoes".

Game progress. The following game situation is created: “Katya’s doll has a housewarming party. She needs to pack her things for moving to a new apartment. Help her put her things in the right order so that she can easily find all her dresses and shoes in her new place. We will put clothes in one box, and shoes in another. Then the child is given two sets of subject pictures and two boxes, each with its own symbol: a dress for clothes, boots for shoes.

Lotto "In the world of plants"

Purpose of the game: Consolidation of generalization words: flowers, trees, vegetables, fruits, berries; activation of the dictionary on these topics.

Description of the game. Lotto consists of six big cards, in the middle of which is given a plot picture depicting a given group of plants in nature. Along the edges are subject pictures related to any one generic concept, for example, flowers or trees. In addition to large cards, there are small cards with the same subject pictures.

Game progress. The game is played according to the general rule of the lotto game. When all the small cards are distributed, each player must name in one word the entire group of his words - the names of plants.

"Flies, not a bird"
Purpose: differentiation of the concepts of "birds" and "insects".

Game progress. The host makes riddles about birds and insects, Children solve riddles and explain to which thematic group this animal belongs. If the answer is correct, the facilitator gives the child a chip or symbol of the animal. The one with the most chips wins. Before the game, the host reminds the children of the identification signs of birds: they have feathers, a beak, claws, wings, build nests and hatch chicks, they can sing, they are big. Insects are small, have six legs, do not hatch chicks, they do not have feathers.

In a dark dungeon Red paws

Red girls. Pinch on the heels

No thread, no knitting needle (Goose)

Knit knitting.

(Bees in a hive)

Appeared in a yellow fur coat Black, agile,

Farewell, two shells. Screaming "crack"

(Chicken) Worms are the enemy. (Rook)

A bird flew, not a beast, not a bird,

Not feathered, not winged, But the nose is like a knitting needle.

Who will kill her, The flower was sleeping and suddenly woke up:

Human blood I didn't want to sleep anymore.

Shed. Moved, stirred

(Mosquito) Soared up and flew away. (Butterfly)

There are many masters of Vereshchanye, white-sided.

They cut down the hut without corners. And her name is... (magpie).

(Ants)

Little boy Zhu-zhu, zhu-zhu,

In a gray yarmyachishka I sit on a branch,

Sneaking around the yards, I keep repeating the letter J,

He collects crumbs, Knowing this letter firmly,

He spends the night in the field, I buzz in spring and summer.

Stealing hemp. (Bug)

(Sparrow)

In a clearing near the Christmas trees, On a pole a palace,

The house is built from needles. Singer in the palace

He is not visible behind the grass, But his name is ... (starling).

And it has a million residents. (Anthill.)

3. Games for the development of the grammatical structure of speech

"Blurred Letter"
Purpose: To exercise in the compilation of common exercises.

Material. Teddy bear.

Organization. Educator:

Teddy bear received a letter from his brother. But the rain blurred some of the words. We need to help him read the letter. Here is the letter: “Hello, Mishutka. I am writing to you from the zoo. Once I did not listen to my mother and climbed so far that ... I wandered through the forest for a long time and ... Coming out into the clearing, I fell ... I fell into a hole, because ... It was so deep that ... The hunters came and ... Now I I live in… We have a ground for… There are many in the ground for young animals… We play with… They are looked after… They love us because… Soon we will have a trainer from… I hope to get into… How great to be able to… Wait for the next letter from … Goodbye. Toptygin".

Reading the letter, the educator encourages the children to complete the sentences with intonation.

"Living Words"
Objective: To exercise in the preparation of proposals for the block diagram.

Organization. Each child draws a word. Educator: - Let Slava depict the word "bear cub"; Anya - the word "loves." What is the third word? (Honey) We read the sentence: "The little bear loves honey." Let's swap the second and third words. What happened? (The bear cub loves honey). Now let the first word be the last. What will happen? (Honey loves a teddy bear). Let's replace the word "honey" with another. Katya will now be the word "tumble". Read the sentence (The little bear loves to tumble). And now? (The bear loves to tumble).

Make up your own sentences with the word "bear cub". (Teddy bear cub, Teddy bear loves raspberries, Teddy bear sleeps...)

"Complete the offer"
Didactic task: To develop children's speech activity, speed of thinking.

Game rules. You need to find and say such a word to get a complete sentence. You only need to add one word.

Game actions. Throwing and catching the ball.

Game progress. The teacher says a few words of the sentence, and the children must complete it with new words to make a complete sentence, for example: “Mom bought ... - ... books, notebooks, a briefcase,” the children continue.

Didactic game "Find the mistake"

Goals: develop auditory attention.

Game progress: The teacher shows a toy and calls a deliberately wrong action that this animal allegedly performs. Children must answer whether this is correct or not, and then list the actions that this animal can actually perform. For example: “The dog is reading. Can a dog read? Children answer: "No." What can a dog do? Children list. Then other animals are named.

Didactic game "Say the word"

Goals: learn to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, develop auditory attention.

Game progress: The teacher says the phrase, but does not finish the syllable in the last word. Children must complete this word.

Ra-ra-ra - the game begins ....

Ry-ry-ry - the boy has sha ...

Ro-ro-ro - we have a new ve…

Ru-ru-ru - we continue to play ..

Re-re-re - there is a house on th ...

Ri-ri-ri - snow on the branches ...

Ar-ar-ar - our self is boiling ....

Ry-ry-ry - he has many children ...

Didactic game "It happens or it doesn't"

Goals: learn to notice inconsistency in judgments, develop logical thinking.

Game progress: The teacher explains the rules of the game:

• I will tell a story in which you should notice what does not happen.

“In the summer, when the sun was shining brightly, the guys and I went for a walk. We made a snowman out of snow and started sledding.” "Spring has come. All the birds have flown to warmer climes. The bear climbed into his lair and decided to sleep through the whole spring ... "

Didactic game "What season?"

Goals: to learn to correlate the description of nature in poetry or prose with a certain season; develop auditory attention, speed of thinking.

Game progress: The children are sitting on the bench. The teacher asks the question “When does this happen?” and reads a text or a riddle about the different seasons.

Didactic game "Where can you do what?"

Goals: activation in speech of verbs used in a particular situation.

Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer them.

What can you do in the forest? ( Walk; pick berries, mushrooms; hunts; listen to birdsong; rest).

What can you do on the river? What are they doing in the hospital?

Didactic game « Which one, which one, which one?"

Goals: to teach to select definitions corresponding to a given example, phenomenon; activate previously learned words.

Game progress: The teacher calls a word, and the players take turns calling as many features as possible that correspond to this subject. Squirrel - redhead, nimble, big, small, beautiful…..

Coat - warm, winter, new, old ... ..

Mother - kind, affectionate, gentle, beloved, dear ...

House - wooden, stone, new, panel ...

Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

Goals: learn to complete sentences with words of the opposite meaning, develop attention.

Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only say words with the opposite meaning.

Sugar is sweet. and pepper is... (bitter).

In summer, the leaves are green, and in autumn .... (yellow).

The road is wide and the path... (narrow).

Didactic game "Find out whose sheet"

Goals: learn to recognize a plant by a leaf (name a plant by a leaf and find it in nature), develop attention.

Game progress: On a walk, collect fallen leaves from trees, shrubs. Show the children, offer to find out from which tree and find similarities with not fallen leaves.

Didactic game "Guess what plant"

Goals: learn to describe an object and recognize it by description, develop memory, attention.

Game progress: The teacher invites one child to describe the plant or make a riddle about it. Other children have to guess what kind of plant it is.

Didactic game "Who am I?"

Goals: learn to name a plant develop memory, attention.

Game progress: The teacher quickly points to the plant. The one who first names the plant and its shape (tree, shrub, herbaceous plant) gets a token.

Didactic game "Who's Who"

Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, develop attention, memory.

Game progress: The teacher names the animal, and the children call the cub in the singular and plural. The child who correctly names the cub receives a token.

Didactic game "Who (what) flies?"

Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, insects, birds, develop attention, memory.

Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The selected child names some object or animal, and raises both hands up and says: "Flies."

When an object that flies is called, all children raise both hands up and say “Flies”, if not, do not raise their hands. If one of the children makes a mistake, he leaves the game.

Didactic game "What kind of insect?"

Goals: clarify and expand ideas about the life of insects in the fall, learn to describe insects according to characteristic features, cultivate a caring attitude towards all living things, develop attention.

Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. One subgroup describes the insect, and the other must guess who it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.

Didactic game "Hide and Seek"

Goals: learn to find a tree according to the description, consolidate the ability to use prepositions in speech: behind, about, in front of, next to, because of, between, on; develop auditory attention.

Game progress: On the instructions of the teacher, some of the children hide behind trees and bushes. The leader, according to the instructions of the teacher, is looking for (find who is hiding behind a tall tree, low, thick, thin).

Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"

Goals: learn to choose verbs denoting actions, develop memory, attention.

Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer with verbs. For each correct answer, the children receive a token.

• What can you do with flowers? (tear, sniff, watch, water, give, plant)
• What does a janitor do? (sweeps, cleans, waters, cleans the paths from snow)

Didactic game "What happens?"

Goals: learn to classify objects by color, shape, quality, material, compare, contrast, select as many items as possible that fit this definition; develop attention.

Game progress: Tell what happens:

green - cucumber, crocodile, leaf, apple, dress, tree….

wide - river, road, tape, street ...

The one with the most words wins.

Didactic game "What is this bird?"

Goals: clarify and expand ideas about the life of birds in the fall, learn to describe birds according to characteristic features; develop memory; cultivate a caring attitude towards birds.

Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. Children of one subgroup describe the bird, and the other one must guess what kind of bird it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.

Didactic game "Guess, we will guess"

Goals: to consolidate knowledge about the plants of the garden and vegetable garden; the ability to name their signs, describe and find them by description, develop attention.

Game progress: Children describe any plant in the following order: shape, color, taste. The driver from the description should recognize the plant.

Didactic game “It happens - it doesn’t happen” (with a ball)

Goals: develop memory, attention, thinking, speed of reaction.

Game progress: The teacher pronounces phrases and throws the ball, and the children must quickly answer.

Snow in winter ... (occurs) Frost in summer ... (does not happen)

Hoarfrost in summer ... (does not happen) drops in summer ... (does not happen)

Didactic game "Third extra" (plants)

Goals: consolidate children's knowledge about the diversity of plants, develop memory, speed of reaction.

Game progress: The teacher names 3 plants (trees and shrubs), one of which is “extra”. For example, maple, linden, lilac. Children must determine which of them is “extra” and clap their hands.

(Maple, linden - trees, lilac - shrub)

Didactic game "Riddle Game"

Goals: expand the stock of nouns in the active dictionary.

Game progress: The children are sitting on the bench. The teacher makes riddles. The child who guesses the riddle comes out and guesses the riddle himself. For guessing the riddle, he receives one chip. The one with the most chips wins.

Didactic game "Do you know …"

Goals: enrich the vocabulary of children with the names of animals, consolidate knowledge of models, develop memory, attention.

Game progress: You need to prepare chips in advance. The teacher lays out in the first row - images of animals, in the second - birds, in the third - fish, in the fourth - insects. The players alternately call the animals first, then the birds, etc. And lay out the chip in a row with the correct answer. The one with the most chips wins.

Didactic game "When does it happen?"

Goals: consolidate children's knowledge of the parts of the day, develop speech, memory.

Game progress: The teacher lays out pictures depicting the life of children in kindergarten: morning exercises, breakfast, classes, etc. Children choose any picture for themselves, look at it. On the word “morning”, all children raise a picture associated with the morning and explain their choice. Then day, evening, night. For each correct answer, the children receive a token.

Didactic game "And then what?"

Goals: to consolidate the knowledge of children about the parts of the day, about the activities of children at different times of the day; develop speech, memory.

Game progress: Children sit in a semicircle. The teacher explains the rules of the game:

• Remember, we talked about what we do in kindergarten throughout the day? And now let's play and find out if you remember everything. We will talk about that in order. What do we do in kindergarten in the morning. Whoever makes a mistake will sit on the last chair, and everyone else will move.

You can introduce such a game moment: the teacher sings the song “I have a pebble. To whom to give? To whom to give? He will answer."

The teacher begins: “We came to kindergarten. Played in the field. What happened next? Passes a pebble to one of the players. He replies: “We did gymnastics” - “And then?” Passes the pebble to another child.

The game continues until the children name the last one - going home.

Note. It is advisable to use a pebble or other object, since it is not the one who wants to answer, but the one who gets it. This forces all children to be attentive and ready to respond.

Didactic game "When do you do it?"

Target: to consolidate cultural and hygienic skills and knowledge of the parts of the day, to develop attention, memory, speech.

Game progress: The teacher names one child. Then he imitates some action, for example, washing his hands, brushing his teeth, brushing his shoes, combing his hair, etc., and asks: “When do you do this?” if the child answers that he brushes his teeth in the morning, the children correct: "In the morning and in the evening." One of the children can be the leader.

Didactic game "Highlight the word"

Goals: teach children to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, develop auditory attention.

Game progress: The teacher pronounces the words and invites the children to clap their hands when they hear words that have the sound “z” (mosquito song). (Bunny, mouse, cat, castle, goat, car, book, call)

The teacher should pronounce the words slowly, pause after each word so that the children can think.

Didactic game "Tree, shrub, flower"

Goals: consolidate knowledge of plants, expand the horizons of children, develop speech, memory.

Game progress: The host pronounces the words “Tree, shrub, flower ...” and walks around the children. Stopping, he points to the child and counts to three, the child must quickly name what the leader stopped on. If the child did not have time or called incorrectly, he is out of the game. The game continues until one player remains.

Didactic game "Where does it grow?"

Goals: learn to understand the processes occurring in nature; give an idea of ​​the purpose of plants; show the dependence of all life on earth on the state of the vegetation cover; develop speech.

Game progress: The teacher names different plants and shrubs, and the children choose only those that grow with us. If children grow up, they clap their hands or jump in one place (you can choose any movement), if not, they are silent.

Apple tree, pear, raspberry, mimosa, spruce, saxaul, sea buckthorn, birch, cherry, sweet cherry, lemon, orange, linden, maple, baobab, tangerine.

If the children did well, you can enumerate the trees faster:

plum, aspen, chestnut, coffee. Rowan, plane tree. Oak, cypress \. Cherry plum, poplar, pine.

At the end of the game, a result is summed up who knows the trees the most.

Didactic game “Who will be who (what)?”

Target: develop speech activity, thinking.

Game progress: Children answer the question of an adult: “Who will (or what will be) ... an egg, a chicken, a boy, an acorn, a seed, an egg, a caterpillar, flour, iron, brick, fabric, etc.?”. If the children come up with several options, for example, from an egg - a chicken, a duckling, a chick, a crocodile. Then they get additional forfeits.

Or the teacher asks: “Who was the chick (egg), bread (flour), car (metal) before.

Didactic game "Summer or Autumn"

Target: consolidate knowledge of the signs of autumn, differentiating them from the signs of summer; develop memory, speech; dexterity education.

Game progress:

The teacher and children stand in a circle.

caregiver. If the leaves turn yellow, this is ... (and throws the ball to one of the children. The child catches the ball and says, throwing it back to the teacher: “Autumn”).

Educator. If the birds fly away - this is ... .. Etc.

Didactic game "Be careful"

Target: differentiation of winter and summer clothes; develop auditory attention, speech hearing; increase in vocabulary.

Listen carefully to the verses about clothes, so that later you can list all the names that will be found in these verses. Name summer first. And then winter.

Didactic game "Take - do not take"

Target: differentiation of forest and garden berries; increase in vocabulary on the topic "Berries"; develop auditory attention.

Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The teacher explains that he will pronounce the name of forest and garden berries. If the children hear the name of a wild berry, they should sit down, and if they hear the name of a garden berry, stretch, raising their hands up.

Strawberries, blackberries, gooseberries, cranberries, red currants, strawberries, black currants, cranberries, raspberries.

Didactic game "What do they plant in the garden?"

Target: to teach to classify objects according to certain characteristics (according to the place of their growth, according to their application); develop the speed of thinking,
auditory attention.

Game progress: Children, do you know what they plant in the garden? Let's play this game: I will name different objects, and you listen carefully. If I name what is planted in the garden, you will answer “Yes”, but if what does not grow in the garden, you will say “No”. Whoever makes a mistake is out of the game.

• Carrot (yes), cucumber (yes), plum (no), beetroot (yes), etc.

Didactic game "Who is more likely to collect?"

Target: teach children to group vegetables and fruits; to cultivate the speed of reaction to the words of the educator, endurance and discipline.

Game progress: Children are divided into two teams: "Gardeners" and "Gardeners". On the ground are dummies of vegetables and fruits and two baskets. At the command of the educator, the teams begin to collect vegetables and fruits, each in their own basket. Whoever collected first raises the basket up and is considered the winner.

Didactic game "Who needs what?"

Target: exercise in the classification of objects, the ability to name things necessary for people of a certain profession; develop attention.

Educator: - Let's remember what people of different professions need to work. I will name the profession, and you will say what he needs for work.

The teacher names the profession, the children say what is needed for work. And then in the second part of the game, the teacher names the subject, and the children say what profession it can be useful for.

Didactic game "Make no mistake"

Target: consolidate children's knowledge about different sports, develop resourcefulness, quick wit, attention; cultivate a desire to play sports.

Game progress: The teacher lays out cut pictures depicting various sports: football, hockey, volleyball, gymnastics, rowing. In the middle of the picture is an athlete, you need to pick up everything he needs for the game.

According to this principle, you can make a game in which children will select tools for various professions. For example, a builder: he needs tools - a shovel, a trowel, a paint brush, a bucket; machines that facilitate the builder's work - a crane, an excavator, a dump truck, etc. In the pictures - people of those professions that children are introduced to throughout the year: a cook, a janitor, a postman, a salesman, a doctor, a teacher, a tractor driver, a mechanic, etc. they select images of the objects of their labor. The correctness of the execution is controlled by the picture itself: from small pictures, a large, whole one should turn out.

Didactic game "Guess it!"

Target: to teach to describe an object without looking at it, to highlight essential features in it, to recognize an object from the description; develop memory, speech.

Game progress: At the signal of the teacher, the child who received the chip gets up and makes a description of any object from memory, and then passes the chip to the one who will guess. Having guessed, the child describes his object, passes the chip to the next, etc.

Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

Target:

Game progress

Sugar is sweet, and pepper is…. (bitter)

(yellow)

narrow)

The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... ( thick)

Didactic game "Where is what?"

Target: to teach to single out words with a given sound from a group of words, from a speech stream; fix the correct pronunciation of certain sounds in words; develop attention.

Game progress: The teacher names the item and invites the children to answer where it can be put. For example:

- “Mom brought bread and put it in ... (bread box).

• Masha poured sugar ... Where to? ( Into the sugar bowl)
• Vova washed his hands and put the soap...Where? ( Into the soap dish)

Didactic game "Chase Your Shadow"

Target: introduce the concept of light and shadow; develop speech.

Game progress: Educator: Who will guess the riddle?

I go - she goes

I stand - she stands,

Run, she runs. Shadow

On a sunny day, if you stand with your face, back or side to the sun, then a dark spot will appear on the ground, this is your reflection, it is called a shadow. The sun sends its rays to the earth, they spread in all directions. Standing in the light, you block the path of the sun's rays, they illuminate you, but your shadow falls on the ground. Where else is there a shadow? What does it look like? Get the shadow. Dance with the shadow.

Didactic game "Finish the sentence"

Target: learn to complete sentences with a word of the opposite meaning; develop memory, speech.

Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only say words that are opposite in meaning.

Sugar is sweet, and pepper is…. (bitter)

Leaves are green in summer and green in autumn... (yellow)

The road is wide and the path is... ( narrow)

The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... ( thick)

Didactic game "Which subject"

Target: to teach to classify objects according to a certain attribute (size, color, shape), to consolidate children's knowledge about the size of objects; develop speed of thought.

Game progress: Children sit in a circle. The teacher says:

• Children, the objects that surround us are of different sizes: large, small, long, short, low, high, wide, narrow. In the classroom and on walks, we saw many objects of different sizes. Now I will name one word, and you will list what objects can be called one word.

In the hands of the teacher is a pebble. He gives it to the child who has to answer.

• Long, - says the teacher and passes the pebble to a neighbor.
• A dress, a rope, a day, a fur coat, the children recall.
• Wide, - the teacher offers the next word.

Children call: road, street, river, tape, etc.

The game is also conducted with the aim of improving the ability of children to classify objects by color, shape. The teacher says:

- Round ( ball, sun, apple, wheel, etc.)

Didactic game "What can the animals do?"

Target: learn to create a wide variety of word combinations; expand in the mind the semantic content of the word; develop memory.

Game progress: Children turn into "beasts". Everyone should tell what he can do, what he eats, how he moves. The one who told correctly receives a picture with the image of an animal.

• I am a red squirrel. I jump from branch to branch. I make supplies for the winter: I collect nuts, dry mushrooms.
• I am a dog, cat, bear, fish, etc.

Didactic game "Who remembers more?"

Target: enrich the vocabulary of children with verbs denoting the actions of objects; develop memory, speech.

Game progress: Carlson asks to look at the pictures and tell what they do, what else they can do.

Blizzard - sweeps, vyuzhit, purzhit.

Rain - pours, drizzles, drips, drips, starts, gushing,…

Crow- flies, croaks, sits, eats, sits down, drinks, viet, etc.

Didactic game "Who hears what?"

Target: to teach children to designate and name sounds with a word (ringing, rustling, playing, cracking, etc.); cultivate auditory attention; develop ingenuity, endurance.

Game progress: On the teacher's table there are various objects, during the action of which a sound is made: a bell rings; the rustle of a book being leafed through; a pipe plays, a piano sounds, a harp, etc., that is, everything that sounds in a group can be used in the game.

One child is invited behind the screen, who plays there, for example, on a pipe. The children, having heard the sound, guess, and the one who played comes out from behind the screen with a pipe in his hands. The guys are convinced that they are not mistaken. Another child, chosen by the first participant in the game, will play with another instrument. For example, he leafs through a book. Children guess. If it is difficult to immediately answer, the teacher asks to repeat the action, and listen to all the players more carefully. “He is flipping through the book, the leaves are rustling,” the children guess. The player comes out from behind the screen and shows how he acted.

This game can also be played while walking. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the sounds: the tractor is working, the birds are singing, the car is honking, the leaves are rustling, etc.

Oksana Anatolyevna Shvets
Didactic games on the development of a dictionary on the topic "Professions"

The development of speech activity is one of the most important sections of preschool pedagogy, and it is aimed at the mental development of the child. The better the speech activity of children is organized, the higher the guarantees for the success of schooling.

Implementation educational field"Speech development" in all age groups carried out through direct educational activities, during joint activities educator with children gaming activity, during regime moments, as well as through the integration of this area with other educational areas.

Speech development includes the possession of speech as a means of communication and culture; enrichment of the active dictionary; development of coherent, grammatically correct dialogic and monologue speech; development of speech creativity; development of sound and intonation culture of speech, phonemic hearing; familiarity with children's literature, listening comprehension of texts of various genres of children's literature; preparation for literacy.

important place in common system speech work is enriching the vocabulary, its consolidation and activation, which is natural, due to the fact that the improvement of speech communication is not possible without expanding the child's vocabulary. cognitive development, the development of conceptual thinking is impossible without the assimilation of new words. Expanding the vocabulary of children is one of the most important tasks of education. Clarification and expansion of vocabulary plays an important role in the development of logical thinking: the richer the child's vocabulary, the more accurately he thinks, the better his speech is developed.

But in last years the number of pre-school children with various speech disorders is rapidly increasing. There are also vocabulary gaps. Children do not know the meanings of many words, parts of objects, generalizing concepts, the names of young animals, people's professions. Experience significant difficulties in the selection of antonyms, synonyms. Numerous lexical substitutions are also observed. And, consequently, because of the difficulties in choosing the right words, coherent speech also suffers.

The poverty of the dictionary interferes with full communication, and, consequently, with the overall development of the child. And vice versa, the richness of the word is a sign of well-developed speech and an indicator of a high level of mental development. Vocabulary development is one of the critical factors preparation for schooling.

It should be noted that in the process of developing vocabulary through didactic games and lexical exercises, preschoolers learn much more successfully those skills that are usually difficult to acquire in everyday communication.

Didactic games are used to solve all the problems of speech development. They consolidate and refine the vocabulary, change and form words, exercise in making coherent statements, develop explanatory speech. Verbal didactic games help the development of both specific and generic concepts, the development of words in their generalized meanings. In these games, the child finds himself in situations where he is forced to use the acquired speech knowledge and vocabulary in new conditions. They are manifested in the words and actions of the players. Didactic games are an effective means of consolidating grammatical skills, as they make it possible to exercise the child many times in repeating the necessary word forms.

The game "Name the profession"

Target: to form the ability to form nouns from verbs, the development of attention, dexterity.

Game progress.

The teacher throws the ball to the child and calls the verb: “Educates ...” The child continues: “Educator”.

Piggy bank of words: Teaches - ... teacher; builds - ... builder; loads - ... loader; guards - ... watchman; flies - ... pilot; dancing - ... dancer; sings - ... singer; sells - ... seller, etc.

On the board there may be pictures depicting people of these professions.

The game "What are they doing?"

Target: to consolidate children's ideas about objects and their use in labor processes; the use of nouns in the dative case;

Game progress.

Pictures are laid out on the table - tools, upside down. Children take turns taking, calling an object and telling what can be done with this object.

For example: the child takes a picture - a shovel and says: “This is a shovel. You can dig with a shovel."

The game can be played in the form of a lotto. The host takes a picture and describes the actions that can be performed with this item, and the children guess: “You can dig with this item (shovel). This item can be planed boards (planer).

The game "Who needs what for work?"

Target: to consolidate children's ideas about objects and their use in labor processes; clarify and expand knowledge about professions.

Game progress.

Children are divided into two groups. At the signal of the educator, you need to decompose the pictures - tools to the picture - the desired profession. The children then take turns explaining their choice. For each correct answer, the team receives a chip.

Game "Fix Dunno's Mistakes"

Target: development of the grammatical structure of speech; activation of vocabulary; development of auditory attention, thinking.

Game progress.

Dunno comes to visit the children. He says that he was at a construction site and saw a lot of things. Starts making sentences. Children identify mistakes by ear and correct them.

Dunno:"Saw hammering nails."

Children:"Hammer hammers nails."

Piggy bank: I saw wood with a brush. I paint the walls with a hammer. The carpenter is driving. A painter works on a crane. Dump truck lifts loads.

Ball game "Building a house"

Target: fixing in the speech of children the use of relative adjectives; development of attention, dexterity.

Game progress.

The teacher throws the ball to the child and says: “Let's build a house out of bricks, so what will the house be like?” Child: "Brick house"

Piggy bank of words: stone house, plywood house, concrete foundation, plastic windows, wooden door, metal hinges, iron lock, etc.

Game "Give me a word"

Target: develop logical thinking, attention, memory; learn to pick words to rhyme.

Game progress. Children suggest words, finish the poem.

In the carpenter's bag you will find a hammer and a sharp ... (knife). Any tool at the place - and a planer, and ... (chisel).

The pilot lifts the blue into the sky ... (airplane).

He drove the goats to the hillock merry ... (shepherd).

It's time to paint the rooms. Invited. (painter).

The circus performer knows how to prance, animals and birds. (train).

Every day he brings a newspaper to our house. (postman).

The roof is being painted in front of the children's eyes. (painters).

I'm flying dolls in the morning. I am today. (nurse).

I would be a pilot pilot

Definitely wanted to become

I'm on a plane then

To Moscow would be ... (Flew).

He is a very good master

He made a closet for us in the hallway.

He is not a carpenter, not a painter.

Makes furniture. (carpenter)

He puts bricks in a row,

Building a garden for children

Not a miner and not a driver,

We will build a house. (builder)

Nails, axes, saw,

There is a whole mountain of shavings.

This worker is working -

Makes chairs for us. (a carpenter)

Ball game "Tell me differently"

Target: clarification and activation of the dictionary of synonyms.

Game progress.

The teacher calls the word and throws the ball to one of the children. The child who caught the ball must come up with a “word - friend” to the one named, say this word and throw the ball back to the teacher. If the word is chosen correctly, the child takes a step forward. The winner is the one who quickly approaches the conditional line on which the teacher is located.

Piggy bank of words: Work - (labor, business); house - (building, dwelling); road - (way, highway); worker - (worker, worker); teacher - (teacher, lecturer); huge - (large, gigantic); works - (work); doctor - (doctor, doctor); pilot - (pilot, seamstress - (dressmaker).

Ball game "All the way around"

Target: clarification and activation of the dictionary of antonyms.

Game progress

The teacher calls the words and throws the ball to one of the children. The child who caught the ball must come up with a word that is opposite in meaning, say this word and throw the ball back to the speech therapist.

Piggy bank of words: Dress - (undress, lifted - (lowered, thrown - (catch, hide - (find,

put - (remove, arrived - (left, drove in - (left, built - (broke, entrance - (exit, turn on - (turn off))

Ball game "Associations"

Target: to teach children to select words - tools according to the idea.

Game progress The teacher throws the ball to the child and names the profession, the child names an object that may belong to a person of this profession and returns the ball.

Piggy bank of words: A janitor is a shovel, a salesman is a cash desk, a doctor is a phonendoscope, a cook is a pan, a painter is a brush, a hairdresser is a hair dryer, a driver is a steering wheel, a plasterer is a trowel, an artist is a canvas ...

Game "Guess who I want to be?"

Target: develop auditory attention, thinking, coherent speech, update vocabulary on the topic "Professions".

Game progress

The teacher invites the children to think about who they would like to be, describe their profession so that other children can guess.

For example:

Child: I need such tools: scissors, comb, razor, hair dryer.

Other children: You want to be a hairdresser.

Lost Tools Game

Target: improvement of the grammatical structure of speech, prepositional case management.

The teacher proposes a situation: as if all those present live in the same house and the neighbor (teacher) needed some tools and he comes to ask the neighbors for them. And there are no tools.

Game progress

The teacher throws the ball to the child and says: "We need scissors (hammer, nails)." The child answers: "No scissors (hammer, nails)".

Game "Explain"

Target: to develop the grammatical structure of speech, word formation: to teach the understanding and interpretation of complex words.

Game progress

The teacher invites the children to explain what words the names of professions came from.

Piggy bank of words: fisherman, lumberjack, lumberjack, animal breeder, horse breeder, vegetable grower, gardener, etc.

Game "City of gnomes"

Target: strengthening the ability to form nouns with the help of diminutive suffixes.

Game progress

The teacher invites the children to imagine that they found themselves in the city of gnomes. And all the items there are very small. You can come up with a fairy tale, accompanying it with the appropriate pictures:

“Once, children in kindergarten were playing wizards. And one boy remembered the magic words from the fairy tale and said them, and all the children and the teacher suddenly ended up in the city of gnomes. All the objects around were so small that they could not be seen immediately. The children and their teacher decided to take a walk around the town. They walk carefully so as not to step on anything. Suddenly they saw a house that looked like Olin. But it was not a house at all, but a tiny (house). They came closer. Have you looked in the windows? No, these were not windows, but tiny ones (windows). Near the house stood (showing a picture ... a little blue bench. The guys decided to sit on a bench and think about how they could return to their big city. They thought and were very hungry. And then they saw not far from the house (showing a picture) ... a shop.

(Continuation at your discretion, you can come up with yourself ... Be creative)