Features of outdoor games in different age groups. Memo for educators "method of conducting outdoor games in different age groups" The content of outdoor games for children of different age groups

Compiled by:

Khanty - Mansiysk

Card file of outdoor games

ml. gr

Mobile game "Run to me".

Target: to exercise children to act on a signal, to run in the forward direction at the same time as a whole group.

Game progress: Children stand on one side of the hall, so as not to interfere with each other. The teacher is on the opposite side. He says: “Run to me, everyone, everyone, run to me!” The children run to the teacher, who greets them kindly, spreading his arms wide to the sides, and pretends to want to hug all the children. After the children gather near the teacher, he goes to the other side of the playground and again says: “Run to me!”. Before the start of the game, the teacher reminds that you can run only after the words “Run to me!”, You can’t push and interfere with each other.

Those who want to play can be divided into two small groups: while one group is playing, the other is watching, then they change roles.

Mobile game "Birds".

Target: exercise children to act on the signal of the teacher, run in different directions at the same time as a whole group, use the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe hall.

Game progress: The teacher explains that the children will portray birds that are preparing to fly to warmer climes. At the sound signal of the teacher, all the children raise their hands (wings to the sides and scatter (scatter) throughout the hall. At the signal: "The birds are resting", the children stop and squat.

L.I. Penzulaeva "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group), M., 2009

Mobile game "Cat and sparrows" (1 option).

Target: exercise children to act in accordance with the text of the poem, run in the forward direction at the same time as a whole group, use the entire area of ​​​​the hall.

Game progress: The "cat" is located on one side of the hall (platform), and the children - "sparrows" - on the other. Children - "sparrows" approach the "cat" together with the teacher, who says: Kotya, kitten, cat, Kotya - a little black tail, he lies on a log, pretended to be asleep. To the words “As if sleeping”, the “cat” exclaims: “Meow!” - and begins to catch the "sparrows" who run away from him to their house (beyond the line).

L.I. Penzulaeva "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group), M., 2009

Mobile game "Cat and sparrows" (2 option).

Target: to train children to perform jumps from a height.

Game progress: Children stand on benches, on large cubes laid on the floor on one side of the playground. These are sparrows on the roof. A cat sits on the side (a teacher or one of the children). The cat is sleeping. "Sparrows flew" - says the teacher. Sparrows jump off the roof, spreading their wings, scatter in all directions. But then the cat wakes up. He says "meow-meow" and runs to catch sparrows that are hiding on the roof. The cat takes the caught sparrows to his house.

Directions. Make sure children land softly, jump on their toes, and bend their knees.

Mobile game "Quickly to the house."

Target: to exercise the children to act on the signal of the teacher, to move in all directions in different directions, to run at the same time as a whole group, to use the entire area of ​​​​the hall.

Game progress: Children are located in the "house" (on gymnastic benches or chairs). The teacher invites them to go to the meadow - to admire the flowers, to look at the butterflies - walking in all directions, in different directions. To the signal: "Quickly to the house, it's raining!" - kids run to take a place in the "house" (any place).

L.I. Penzulaeva "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group), M., 2009

Mobile game "Silence".

Target: exercise children to walk in a column one at a time.

Game progress: Walking in a column one at a time, bypassing the site behind the teacher and jointly pronouncing the lines of the poem:

Silence at the pond, the grass does not sway.

Do not make noise, reeds, fall asleep, kids.

At the end of the poem, the children stop, crouch, bow their heads and close their eyes. After a few seconds, the teacher says loudly: “Kwa-kva-kva!” - and explains that the frogs woke up the guys, and they woke up, got up and stretched.

L.I. Penzulaeva "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group), M., 2009

Mobile game "Train".

Target: exercise children to walk, run in a column one at a time with a change in pace, act on a signal, find their place in the column.

Game progress: Children are built in a column one at a time (not holding each other). The first is a steam locomotive, the rest are wagons. The teacher gives a whistle and the train starts to move forward, at first slowly, then faster, faster, and finally the children start running. “The train is pulling up to the station,” says the teacher. Children slow down gradually, and the train stops. Children go out for a walk: they disperse across the clearing, picking flowers, berries, mushrooms, cones. Hearing the whistle, they again gather in a column, and the train movement resumes. ... At first, children line up in a column in any order, and by the end of the year they get used to remembering their place in the column - to find their car. You can change the plot of the game, for example, the train can stop at the river, then the children depict boating, fishing, etc.

T.I. Osokina "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group)

Mobile game "Monkeys".

Target: exercise children to climb the gymnastic wall.

Game progress: The teacher offers the children one or two to go to the gymnastic wall, stand facing it and climb up to 3-4 rails. These are monkeys. The rest of the children sit or stand and watch the monkeys pick fruit from the trees. Then other monkeys climb the trees.

Directions. When the children learn to confidently climb the ladder and descend from it, it is necessary to complicate the task by inviting them to move from span to span of the wall - from tree to tree.

T.I. Osokina "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group)

Mobile game "Bubble".

Target: exercise children to stand in a circle, act in accordance with the text of the poem, use the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe hall.

Game progress: Children, together with the teacher, hold hands and form a small circle, becoming close to each other. To the words: “Inflate, bubble, inflate big, stay like that, but don’t burst!” the children step back, holding hands until the teacher says: “The bubble has burst!”. At this signal, the kids lower their hands, squat down, saying: “Clap!”. You can after the words "Bubble burst!" invite the children, without breaking their hands, to move to the center of the circle, while pronouncing “shhhh” (the air comes out). Then blow the bubble again.

T.I. Osokina "Physical education in kindergarten" (second junior group)

Mobile game "Horses"

Tasks: To develop in children the ability to act on a signal, coordinate movements with each other, exercise in running, walking.

Description: Children are divided into 2 equal groups. One group depicts grooms, the other - horses. A stable is outlined on one side. On the other - a room for grooms, between them a meadow. The teacher says: “Grooms, get up quickly, harness the horses!”. Grooms with reins in their hands, run to the stables and harness the horses. When all the horses are harnessed, they line up one after another and, at the direction of the teacher, walk or run. According to the teacher "Arrived!" grooms stop horses. The teacher says "Go to rest!". Grooms unharness the horses and let them graze in the meadow. They return to their places to rest. Horses calmly walk around the site, graze, nibble grass. At the signal of the teacher, “Grooms, harness the horses!” the groom catches his horse, which runs away from him. When all the horses are caught and harnessed, everyone lines up one after the other. After 2-3 repetitions, the teacher says: “Take the horses to the stable!”. The grooms take the horses to the stable, unharness them and give the reins to the teacher.

Rules:

The players change movements at the signal of the teacher. At the signal "Go to rest" - the grooms return to their places.

Options : Include walking on a bridge - a board laid horizontally or obliquely, suggest different trip goals.

Mobile game "Rabbits"

Tasks: To develop in children the ability to move in a team, to find their place on the site. Exercise in crawling, running, jumping on 2 legs.

Description: Circles are drawn on one side of the site - rabbit cages. Chairs are placed in front of them, hoops are tied vertically to them or a cord is pulled. A chair is placed on the opposite side - the watchman's house. Between the house and the cages of the rabbits is a meadow. The teacher divides the children into small groups of 3-4 people. Each group stands in a circle. "Rabbits are in cages!" - says the teacher. Children squat down - these are rabbits in cages. The teacher alternately approaches the cages and releases the rabbits onto the grass. The rabbits crawl into the hoop and start running and jumping. The teacher says "Run into the cells!". The rabbits run home and return to their cage, crawling back into the hoop. Then the watchman releases them again.

Rules:

The rabbits do not run out until the keeper opens the cages.

The rabbits return after the teacher's signal "Hurry to the cages!".

Options : In each cage, put a bench or chair according to the number of rabbits.

Mobile game "Airplanes"

Tasks: To develop orientation in space in children, to consolidate the skill of building in a column. Practice running.

Description: Children are built in 3-4 columns in different places of the site, which are marked with flags. The players pretend to be pilots on airplanes. They are preparing to fly. At the signal of the educator, “Get ready for the flight!” children circle with their arms bent at the elbows - they start the engine. "Fly!" - says the teacher. Children raise their arms to the sides and fly in all directions, in different directions. At the signal of the educator "To land!" - planes find their places and land, build in columns and go down on one knee. The teacher notes which column was built first.

Rules:

The players should fly out after the teacher's signal "Fly!".

At the signal of the educator "To land!" - the players must return to their columns, to the places where their sign is posted (a flag is placed).

Options : While the planes are flying, swap the flags, take them to the opposite side. Change the leaders in the columns.

Mobile game "Find the ball"

Target: To develop in children observation, dexterity.

Description: All players stand in a circle close to the center. One player becomes the center, this is the speaker. The players keep their hands behind their backs. One is given a ball. Children begin to pass the ball to each other behind their backs. The driver tries to guess who has the ball. He can ask each of the players to show their hands by saying "hands". The player extends both hands forward, palms up. The one who had the ball or who dropped it, becomes in the middle, and the driver takes his place.

Rules: The ball is passed in any direction. The ball is passed only to a neighbor. You cannot pass the ball to a neighbor after the driver demands to show his hands.

Options: Put two balls into play. Increase the number of drivers. Give the task to the one who had the ball: jump, dance, etc.

Mobile game "Two frosts"

Target: To develop in children inhibition, the ability to act on a signal (by word). Exercise in running with dodging in catching. Contribute to the development of speech.

Description: On opposite sides of the site, two houses are marked with lines. The players are located on one side of the court. The teacher selects two drivers who stand in the middle of the site between the houses, facing the children. These are Frost Red Nose and Frost Blue Nose. At the signal of the educator, “Start,” both Frosts say: “We are two young brothers, two frosts are remote. I am Frost Red Nose. I am Frost Blue Nose. Which of you decide to set off on the path? All the players answer: “We are not afraid of threats and we are not afraid of frost” and run to the house on the opposite side of the site, and the Frosts try to freeze them, i.e. touch with your hand. The frozen ones stop where the frost has taken them, and so they stand until the end of the dash for everyone else. The frozen ones are counted, after which they join the players.

Rules: Players can run out of the house only after the word "frost". Those who run out earlier and who remain in the house are considered frozen. Anyone touched by Frost immediately stops. You can only run forward, but not backward and not out of bounds.

Options: Behind one line are the children of the Blue Frost, behind the other are the children of the Red. At the “blue” signal, the blue ones run, and the Red Frost catches and vice versa. Who will catch more.

Mobile game "Carousel"

Target: To develop in children the rhythm of movements and the ability to coordinate them with words. Exercise in running, walking in a circle and building in a circle.

Description: The players form a circle. The teacher gives the children a cord, the ends of which are tied. The children, holding the cord with their right hand, turn to the left and say the poem: “Barely, barely, barely, barely, the carousels spun. And then around, around, all running, running, running. In accordance with the text of the poem, children walk in a circle, first slowly, then faster, then run. During the run, the educator says: “Be-be-y-whether.” Children run 2 times in a circle, the teacher changes the direction of movement, saying: “Turn”. The players turn around, quickly intercepting the cord with their left hand and run in the other direction. Then the teacher continues with the children: “Hush, hush, don’t write off, stop the carousel. One, two, one, two, the game is over!" The carousel movements are getting slower. At the words “here the game is over,” the children lower the cord to the ground and disperse.

Rules: You can only take a seat on the carousel by calling. Not having time to take a seat before the third call, does not take part in skating. It is necessary to make movements according to the text, observing the rhythm.

Options: Everyone should take their place. Put the cord on the floor, running in a circle after it.

Mobile game "Mousetrap"

Target: To develop in children endurance, the ability to coordinate movements with words, dexterity. Practice running and squatting, building in a circle and walking in a circle. Contribute to the development of speech.

Description: The players are divided into two unequal groups. The smaller one forms a circle - a “mousetrap”, the rest of the “mice” - they are outside the circle. The players, representing a mousetrap, hold hands and begin to walk in a circle, saying: “Oh, how tired the mice are, they gnawed everything, everyone ate. Beware, cheaters, we will get to you. We will put mousetraps for you, we will catch everyone now. Children stop and raise their clasped hands up, forming a gate. Mice run into and out of the mousetrap. According to the word of the teacher: "clap", the children standing in a circle, lower their hands and squat - the mousetrap slammed shut. Players who do not have time to run out of the circle are considered to be caught. Caught mice move into a circle and increase the size of the mousetrap. When most of the mice are caught, the children switch roles.

Rules: Lower clasped hands at the word “clap”. After the mousetrap is slammed, you can not crawl under your arms

Options: If there are many children in the group, then two mousetraps can be organized and the children will run in two.

Game progress.

Hares sit in their "minks" located on the opposite side of the site. "Hunters" go around the site and pretend to be looking for "hares", then go to their places, hide behind "trees" (chairs, bench).

In the teacher's words:

Bunny jump-jump. jumping gallop

Into the green forest

"Hares" go to the site and jump. To the word "Hunter!" The "hares" run to their "minks", one of the "hunters" aims the ball at their feet and whoever hits, he takes with him. The "hares" again go out into the forest and the "hunter" hunts them again, but throws the ball with his second hand. When the game is repeated, new "hunters" are chosen.

Game instructions. Make sure that the "hunter" throws the ball with both the right and left hand. "Hunters" throw the ball only at the feet of "hares". The ball is picked up by the one who threw it.

Mobile game "Water"

Target: nurture positive relationships among children.

The driver sits in a circle with eyes closed. The players move in a circle with the words:

Grandfather Water,

What are you doing underwater?

Look out for a glimpse

For one minute.

The circle stops. The merman gets up and, with his eyes closed, approaches one of the players. His task is to determine who is in front of him. The merman can touch the player in front of him, but his eyes cannot be opened. If the Waterman guesses the player's name, they switch roles and the game continues.

Mobile game "Cosmonauts"

Target: To develop in children attention, dexterity, imagination. Exercise in quick orientation in space.

The contours of the missiles are drawn along the edges of the site. The total number of seats in the rockets must be less than the number of children playing. In the middle of the platform, the astronauts, holding hands, walk in a circle, saying:

Fast rockets are waiting for us. Let's fly to such a one!

For planet walks. But there is one secret in the game:

Whatever we want, There is no place for latecomers.

With the last words, the children let go of their hands and run to take their places in the rocket. Those who did not have enough space in the rockets remain at the cosmodrome, and those who sit in the rockets tell in turn where they fly and what they see. After that, everyone again stands in a circle, and the game is repeated. During the flight, instead of talking about what they saw, children are invited to perform various exercises, tasks related to spacewalks, etc.

Mobile game "Airplanes"

Goals: teach children to run slowly, keep their back and head straight while running, keep a distance between each other, develop orientation in space.

I option: children run around the playground, depicting airplanes (hands apart). Planes must not collide and break their wings. The victims of the accident approach the teacher. After repairs, they are again sent to flight. The game lasts 2-3 minutes.

II option: children are placed around the teacher in one corner of the site and squat down. These are planes at the airport. At the signal of the educator, the planes take off one after another and fly (slowly) in any direction, trying not to touch each other with wings (arms outstretched to the sides). On a signal, the planes come in for a landing and take their place at the airfield. At the end of the game, the best flying without accidents are marked. The game is repeated 3-4 times.

Mobile game "Who has the ball"

Goals: learn to keep your back straight, strengthen your back muscles, exercise ball passing.

Children form a circle. The driver is chosen (becomes in the center of the circle), the rest move tightly towards each other. Children pass the ball in a circle behind their backs. The driver tries to guess who has the ball, he says “Hands!” and the one being addressed should show both hands, palms up. If the driver guessed right, he takes the ball and stands in a circle.

Mobile game "Owl"

Goals: development of attention, response to a verbal command and arbitrary regulation of behavior.

An owl's nest is marked on the site. The rest are mice, bugs, butterflies. At the signal "Day!" Everyone is walking and running. After a while, the signal “Night!” sounds. and everyone freezes, remaining in the position in which the team found them. The owl wakes up, flies out of the nest and the one who moves, takes him to his nest.

Mobile game "Paints"

Target: teach children to run, trying not to catch up, jump on one leg, landing on the toe of a half-bent leg. Develop agility, speed of movement, the ability to change direction while running.

Game progress:

Participants of the game choose the owner and two buyers. The rest of the players are paints. Each paint comes up with a color for itself and quietly calls it to the owner. When all the paints have chosen a color for themselves and named the owner, he invites one of the buyers. Buyer knocks:

Here! Here!

Buyer.

Why did you come?

For paint.

For what?

For blue.

If there is no blue paint, the owner says: “Go along the blue path, find blue boots, wear it and bring it back!” if the buyer guessed the color of the paint, then he takes the paint for himself. There is a second buyer, the conversation with the owner is repeated. And so they come in turn and take apart the paints. The buyer with the most paint wins. The owner can come up with a task that is more difficult, for example: jump on one leg along the red carpet.

Option 2:

The conversation is repeated, if the buyer has guessed the paint, the seller says how much it costs and the buyer slaps the seller on his outstretched palm so many times. With the last clap, the child depicting paint runs away and the buyer catches up with him and, having caught him, takes him to the agreed place.

Mobile group "Owl"

Target: to teach children to act on a signal, to run, imitating birds in all directions, to maintain a motionless posture. Develop balance.

Game progress:

All playing birds, one child is an owl, which is located on the side of the playground. At the signal "day" the birds fly away, flap their wings, peck at the grains. At the signal "night" everyone stops and stands motionless. An owl flies out, looks out for those who move and take them to the nest. after 15-20 sec. The “day” signal is given again, the owl flies to the nest, the children - birds fly around the site.

Option 2:

Two owls are selected. Take interesting poses.

Mobile group "Pyatnashki"

Target: to teach children to run around the playground scattered, with acceleration, to consolidate the ability to act on a signal. Develop agility and speed.

Game progress:

A leader is selected, who receives a colored bandage and becomes in the center of the site. After the signal: "Catch!" - all the children scatter around the playground, and the driver tries to catch up with one of the players and knock them down. The one who was taunted by the driver steps aside. After 2-3 repetitions, the Trap changes.

Option 2:

You can not stain the one who managed to stand on one leg.

Mobile game "Zhmurki"

Target: to teach children to run around the playground in all directions, to move blindfolded, listening to warning signals. Develop the ability to quickly move around the hall, dexterity, speed of action.

Game progress:

The driver is chosen - blind man's blind man. He stands in the middle of the room, they blindfold him, turn him around several times. Then all the children run around the room, and Trap tries to catch someone. At the sight of any danger to the blind man's buff, the children should warn with the word "Fire!". Having caught someone, the blind man passes his role to the one who is caught.

Option 2:

If the game takes place on the street, then the boundary is outlined, beyond which the players do not have the right to run. Crossing the agreed border is considered burnt and is obliged to replace the blind man's buff.

Game progress.

Children stand in a circle, the distance between them should be at least 1-2 steps. Behind the circle are two drivers. One of them runs away, the other tries to catch up with him. The fleeing child, escaping from the catcher, stands in front of some child. If he ran into the circle and stood up before he was tarnished, he can no longer be salted. Now the child who turned out to be the second should run away. If Trap managed to touch the evader, then they switch roles.

Run only outside the circle, do not cross it, do not grab the children standing in the circle, do not run too long so that everyone can join the game.

Option 2:

You can stand in pairs in a circle, then the game will be called "The Third Extra".

Mobile game "Rope"

Target: teach children to run fast, trying to pull the rope. Develop speed and agility.

Game progress:

A rope is placed on the floor, 1 m long. flags are placed at a distance of 5-6 m from its ends. Two children stand at the ends of the rope facing their flags. At the signal: “One, two, three, run,” the children each run to their own flag, run around it, return and pull the end of the rope. The one who manages to do it first wins.

Option 2:

A rope is placed under two chairs, standing back to each other, the children sit on the chairs while the music is playing, the children run around the chairs, as soon as the music stops, the children should sit on their chair and grab the end of the rope whoever did it first won.

Mobile game "Do not step"

Target: teach children to jump over the stick sideways to the right, to the left. Develop a sense of rhythm, alternating jumps from right to left, attention, dexterity. Strengthen leg muscles.

Game progress:

A subgroup of children each put a stick 40 cm long on the ground and stand on their right. At the expense of the teacher and the rest of the children, they jump, shifting their legs to the right and left of the stick. The one who made a mistake - jumped not exactly under the count, stepped on a stick, out of the game.

Complication: jump alternately with each foot forward, backward.

Mobile game "Sideways"

Target: teach children to jump, keeping a distance sideways, landing on toes with half-bent knees. Strengthen leg muscles.

Game progress:

Children stand in a column at a distance of two steps from each other. At the signal of the teacher, the children jump sideways all in one direction. Will the column survive?

Option 2:

Standing in a column, they count on the first second. On a signal, the first numbers jump sideways to the right, the second to the left.

Mobile game "Stop"

Target: teach children to throw the ball against the wall so that when it touches the wall, it bounces off it. Catch the ball on the fly with both hands, throw the ball, trying to tarnish the players. Develop eye, dexterity, speed of reaction.

Game progress:

Children stand in front of the wall at a distance of 4-5 steps. The driver throws the ball at the wall so that it touches the wall and bounces off it. Throwing the ball, the leader calls the one whom he appoints to catch him. The latter quickly catches the ball on the fly or picks it up from the floor. If he catches the ball, he immediately throws it against the wall and calls the new catcher, if he lifts it from the ground, then, taking it, shouts “Stop!” and when everyone stops, he stains the nearest child without leaving his seat. He, in turn, takes the ball quickly, shouts “Stop1” and stains the other, and so on until the first miss. After a miss, everyone goes back to the wall, but the right to throw and appoint the one who should catch belongs to the one who missed.

When catching the ball, everyone scatters, but as soon as the ball is caught and an exclamation is heard - stop, everyone must stop. The player who is being targeted can dodge, crouch, bend down, jump, but cannot leave the place.

Mobile game "Bears"

Target: to teach children to walk on high all fours, to race. Develop the muscles of the back, legs, agility.

Game progress:

Children stand on the start line in pairs, on a signal, the children crawl on high all fours to the finish line.

Children in pairs compete in fast walking on high all fours - like a bear.

Complication:

Crawl across the lawn with climbing over the log.

Mobile game "Gray duck"

Target: to teach children to move in a circle, on a signal to run from one circle to another, trying not to be caught by the hunter. Develop dexterity, speed of movement, attention.

Game progress:

One of the children is a hunter, another is a duck, several children are ducklings, the rest, holding hands, form a circle - a pond. In which a duck swims with ducklings. Children walk in a circle and say:

“Here a gray duck swam on the water,

Called the little kids to her,

You ducklings beware

Don't go far."

At this time, the duck and ducklings are inside the circle, the circle hunter. On the last words, the duck stands in front of the ducklings, they follow her in single file. Children lead the round dance in the other direction:

“Here the dog barked in the reeds,

Is there a hunter sitting there in the bushes?

He will catch the little kids,

Little kids - ducklings.

The circle breaks up into several small ones (3-5 children each), these are bushes in which ducklings are hiding (one or more in each). The hunter says loudly:

"One two Three!". After that, the ducklings must run from one bush to another. During the run, the hunter tries to catch them. The duck protects the ducklings: it spreads its arms to the sides, as if flapping its wings, blocking the path of the hunter.

The hunter catches only ducklings; a duckling caught by a hunter stands in a circle depicting a bush; after the count of the hunter, the ducklings should not remain in the bush where they were hiding, it is imperative to run across to another.

Option 2:

Assign 2-3 hunters.

MUNICIPAL BUDGET PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

"KINDERGARTEN No. 23 "Cowberry"

Card file of outdoor games for all age groups

Compiled by:

Instructor for physical education Repina E.I.

Khanty - Mansiysk

Card file of outdoor games

Junior group. (3-4 years).

Playing activity occurs already in the preschool age. . in order for it to be complete, it is necessary to create a pedagogically expedient environment, to choose the right toys. To meet the needs of children in movement, you need to have a slide, benches, boxes and other aids. Children should be given enough space to run, climb stairs, slide down the slope of the hill, play hide and seek, catch up.

In the games of children older than 1.5 years, signs of imitation of adults can be seen. Given this, the teacher involves children in games with the help of toys, tries to arouse their interest with an emotional, figurative explanation. AT junior groups The most commonly used are story games and the simplest non-story games such as “traps”, as well as games of fun.

Toddlers are attracted to the process of action in the game: run, catch up, throw, etc. it is important to teach the child to act exactly on the signal, to obey simple rules games. The success of an outdoor game depends on the teacher's ability to interest children, to give patterns of movements. The teacher performs the leading roles himself or entrusts the most active child, you can prepare a child from the older group. It is important to remember that the driver pretends to catch the children so as not to frighten them.

When conducting story games, it is necessary to use a technique that addresses the imagination of the child. For this purpose, they use the figurative possibilities of a plot story (“sparrows and a car”). The explanation takes less than a minute. The teacher plays with the children, playing the role of both a sparrow and a car.

The teacher monitors the figurative performance of actions by the children, reminds them that they use the entire area, fly beautifully, emotionally imitate movements, and act, if possible, on a signal. The teacher constantly reminds the children about the game image. To enliven the game, we use attributes: hats with the image of birds, a car steering wheel, etc. by the end of the year, you can entrust the role of the car to a more active child.

For the younger group, games with text are recommended. When conducting such games, the teacher expressively reads the text, illustrating it with appropriate movements. Such games develop a sense of rhythm in children. Children, listening to the teacher, try to imitate his movements. ("Hare", "Train").

Middle group (4-5 years).

By this age, children accumulate motor experience, movements become more coordinated. Considering this The game conditions become more difficult. the distance for running, throwing, jumping height increases; games are selected that exercise children in dexterity, courage, endurance. In this group, the teacher already distributes roles among the children. At first, the role of the driver is offered to more active children who can handle it. The teacher notes the success of children in the game, brings up goodwill, forms honesty, justice. AT middle group plot games such as: “Cat and mice”, “Kittens and puppies”, “Mousetrap”, etc. are widely used, non-plot games - “Find a mate”, “Whose link is more likely to gather?” etc. as in ml.gr., spending story game The teacher uses a figurative story. Fairy-tale images encourage the child to combine the real features of the perceived plot into new combinations. The imagination of a child of 5 years of age is recreative in nature, so the educator must always direct his development. In this regard, the role of a figurative plot story (“Kids and a wolf”) is great. The enthusiasm of children for the game makes it possible to solve educational problems in a complex.

Senior group (6-7 years).

More complex movements are used. Children are given the task of instantly responding to changes in the game situation, showing courage, ingenuity, endurance, ingenuity, dexterity.

Considering that the movements of children are more coordinated and accurate in the older group, it is possible to introduce games with elements of a competition type, which are advisable to be introduced between several children. "Who will run to the flag faster." As children master skills and orientation in space, competitions are introduced in links. The best link is the one whose participants cope with the task quickly and correctly. ("Colored figurines").

By searching for solutions to certain motor tasks, children themselves gain knowledge. And the knowledge obtained by one's own efforts is assimilated consciously and is more firmly imprinted in the memory. The solution of various problems helps children to believe in their own strength, causes joy from independent small discoveries.

With the skillful guidance of an educator with an outdoor game, the creative activity of children is successfully formed: they come up with game options, new plots, and more complex game tasks.

Each player must know his task and, in accordance with it, play the portrayed role in the proposed situation. Entering the role forms in children the ability to imagine themselves in the place of another, mentally reincarnate in him, allows him to experience feelings that may not be available in everyday life situations. So in the game "firefighters in training" children imagine themselves as brave, dexterous, brave people, ready to sacrifice themselves to save others.

Thus, an outdoor game is a natural form of social self-expression of the individual and creative exploration of the world.

In a number of games, children are required to be able to come up with options for movements, various combinations of them: “Make a figure”, “Day and night”, “Monkey and hunters”. Initially, the teacher plays a leading role in the preparation of options. Gradually, he connects the children themselves to this. Entering into the role, the figurative transmission of the nature of movements is facilitated by the inventing of exercises by children on a given topic. For example, come up with an exercise that imitates the movements of animals, birds, animals (heron, fox, frog) or come up with and name the exercise, and then perform it (“Fish”, “Snowplow”).

An important role in the development of children's creative activity is played by involving them in compiling game options, complicating the rules. At first, the leading role belongs to the educator in varying the games, but gradually the children are given more and more independence. (“Two frosts” just to run; to warm up comrades; to run while performing the movements of skiers, sportsmen ...).

Using the method of creative tasks, the teacher gradually leads the children to invent outdoor games and organize them independently.

An indicator of children's creativity in the game is not only the speed of reaction, the ability to enter into a role, conveying their understanding of the image, independence in solving motor problems in connection with a change in the situation, but also the ability to create combinations of movements, game options, complicate the rules. The highest manifestation of creativity in children is the inventing of outdoor games and the ability to independently organize them.

Children of all ages have a huge need for play, and it is very important to use outdoor play not only to improve motor skills, but also to educate all aspects of the child's personality. A well-thought-out methodology for conducting outdoor games contributes to the disclosure of the individual abilities of the child, helps to bring him up healthy, vigorous, cheerful, active, able to independently and creatively solve a wide variety of tasks.

Inna Atajanova
Features of an outdoor game at different age stages

Relevance.

The formation of children's health, the full development of their body is one of the main problems in modern society. At preschool age, there is an intensive physical development of children, the formation of the functional systems of the child's body.

Properly organized motor activity of the child helps to strengthen his health. It is one of the important conditions for proper metabolism, stimulates the development of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, the musculoskeletal system, respiratory and digestive organs. Motor activity plays an important role in ensuring the full mental development of the child, as it stimulates positive emotions, increases the overall vitality of the baby, provides food for a variety of experiences and active cognitive activity.

Significant place in the system physical education preschoolers are occupied with outdoor games, which are widely used in all age groups.

2nd junior group.

When selecting and conducting games, it is important to take into account the previous type of activity, children learn new games better if they looked at a picture, repeated a poem or constructed before the game, since children are not tired and will be able to perceive a new motor task. After difficult classes that require increased attention, concentration, and the development of mathematical concepts from the child, it is better not to offer new games to kids, but to repeat familiar ones.

At this age, tasks appear in games related to memorizing objects, shapes, distinguishing primary colors, sounds (“Find your color”, “Run to the flag”, most games have detailed plots and conditional roles (“Cat and Mice”, “ Train "), the name of the game, as a rule, determines the game behavior. At this age, the child can already take on the main role. The educational and educational side of p / games is enhanced if, when repeated, they change a little (do not pass, but run) or become more complicated. In At this age, the explanation of the game is accompanied by a demonstration of game actions; further explanation of the plot and rules precede the game.

At this age, it is already necessary to achieve the exact implementation of the rules and conditions of the game.

Middle group.

The motor activity of children of the middle group is largely due to a large stock of skills and abilities, good spatial orientation, the desire to perform movements together, showing endurance, quick wits. The child is already interested in more complex movements that require dexterity, speed, accuracy. They compete with pleasure, who will jump further or who will collect more. Interactions in the game are becoming more complicated, where the result depends on the coordination of actions in the game (“Find a Pair”, “Colored Cars”, on the ability to quickly and in an organized manner form units, taking into account the interest of comrades.

Most games have detailed plots that determine the content of the movements, in many games there is a role of the driver, as a rule, it is one, but when the game becomes more complicated, you can introduce a second driver (for example: “At the bear in the forest” - two bears).

The explanation of the game should be brief, concern only the most important, the poetic text of the game is memorized by children right during the game.

In the middle group, the teacher rarely plays the role of a leader; during the year, all children should be involved in playing the leading roles. At this age, the children themselves choose the role of the driver.

It is impossible to give instructions during the game, to achieve accuracy of execution - this reduces the emotional mood of the game, their activity, comments on violation of the rules are made at the end of the game (for example: you would not have been caught by a bear if you had not pushed the guys).

The rules in games for middle children are getting more complicated; catch only by touching, when caught, step aside. The attention of the educator should be directed not to increasing the number of games, but to repeating and complicating those already familiar, so that by the end of the year the children themselves can organize the game with a small group of peers.

The game is repeated in 2-3 lessons, walks, then after a while we return to it again. When repeated, you can complicate the content and rules of the game, modify the organization of children.

Senior group.

In this age group, the content of p / games becomes even more complicated due to the expansion of the horizons of children, new images and plots are included that are familiar from books, stories of the educator, film screenings, in which games reflect different professions (“Firefighters in training”, “Hunter and hares", it becomes possible to choose games with long jumps from a place, throwing and climbing. A large place in the older groups is occupied by plotless games type "Traps", as well as with elements of competition, at the beginning of the year, individual, then in groups.

Responsible roles in the game are played by the children themselves, the teacher reminds the rules and monitors their implementation, watches how the children perform the game movement, gives signals. However, sometimes the participation of the educator is necessary, he can take on the role and show how to move quickly in order to catch many children, this technique greatly enlivens the game, contributes to the emotional mood.

When distributing roles, as a rule, counting rhymes are used, the teacher participates only when it is necessary to create links or teams of equal strength.

The explanation of the game in the senior group takes place not only during the game, but immediately before the game. The teacher explains the content of the game from beginning to end, especially pays attention to the rules.

In the older group, children are already interested not only in the process of the game, but in its result, so summing up is of great educational importance. It is important to fairly recognize the winners, to explain that even good result if the rules are violated, it will not lead to a win.

Preparatory group.

AT preparatory group children are more independent in organizing p / games. The child knows a large number of games, their content and rules, he imagines their possible motor and emotional richness. This allows you to choose games according to your interests and desires.

In this group, the importance of games and exercises is especially great for consolidating and improving children's skills in the main types of movements, the development of physical qualities: speed, strength, dexterity. Children begin to act in the most effective ways with maximum mobilization of efforts to achieve results, showing positive moral and volitional qualities.

The manifestation of physical and moral-volitional qualities is most facilitated by the participation of the child in such games, where the overall result is important, which depends on the interaction of the participants in the game. This is especially true in relay races.

In outdoor games for aunts of the 7th year, the amusement of the plot is no longer of great importance, the behavior of children is now already regulated by the rules of the game, which the child consciously follows.

The requirements for the exact implementation of the rules contribute to the cultivation of endurance, discipline, and a sense of responsibility. The emotionality of p / games, the interest of children lead to the fact that older preschoolers increasingly organize them themselves, on their own initiative.

explaining new game, the teacher strives for the children to represent its entire course, the nature and methods of actions of the characters, to understand the rules. An initial explanation of the difficult moments of the game may be followed by a demonstration. The distribution of roles should be equal in strength, the children themselves are beginning to understand the reasonable distribution of forces.

Summing up is very important. The teacher helps children realize how important it is to achieve a positive result according to the rules, and not a result by any means. This prevents possible negative manifestations, reduces excessive excitability, excitement.

In the preparatory group, all children should learn how to independently organize and conduct p / games, it is very important to encourage children's playful creativity.

Related publications:

Consultation "Guidelines for conducting an outdoor game" Outdoor games are an excellent means of developing and improving the movements of children, strengthening and hardening their body. Value.

Algorithm for the action of an adult and children at the stages of mastering the design. Design specifics in different age groups As you know, a project is a goal accepted and mastered by children, relevant to them, it is children's amateur performance, a concrete creative work.

Games and exercises for the development of coherent speech in preschool children at different age stages. Games and exercises for the development of coherent speech in children at different age stages. preschool age This is the period of active assimilation by the child.

Card file of games and relay races for children of different age groups The stay of children in the fresh air is of great importance for the physical development of a preschooler. Walk and play are the first and most.

MDOU "Nursery-garden No. 381 of Donetsk"

"Methods of conducting outdoor games in different age groups"

Methods of conducting outdoor games in different age groups

Prepared by:

educator-methodologist

Degtyareva Yu.V.

The methodology for conducting outdoor games in early age

Choice of games.

With children of the first year of life, fun games are held (“Hide and Seek”, “Horned Goat”, “Forty-White-sided”, “Let's go, let's go”, “Catch up, catch up”, etc.), causing sounds, movements, laughter in children, joy, pleasure.

In the second year of life, plotless games are used (“Bring a ball, a toy”, “Raise your legs higher”, “Pass the ball”, “Roll down the hill”, “Catch up with the dog”, “Hurry up to me”, “Crawl to the rattle”, “Who is next”, “Hide the toy”, “Birds flap their wings”, “Catching butterflies”, “Trees sway”, “Steam locomotive”, “Bear”, etc.). In these games, children perform one movement (walking, throwing) at an individual pace, but gradually they move from individual actions to joint ones.
In the future, more complex movements are included in the games and the number of movements increases.

The plots of the games are also getting more complicated. Outdoor games for kids are characterized by a simple plot (for example, birds fly and return home, cars drive and stop).

The number of roles in the games of young children is insignificant (1-2). The main role is played by the teacher, and the kids portray the same characters, for example, the teacher is a cat, all the children are mice (“Cat and Mice”). In the games of older children, the number of roles increases (up to 3-4).

Here, for example, there is already a shepherd, a wolf, geese (“Swan Geese”), in addition, the roles are distributed among all the children.

The number of rules gradually increases, the relationship between children becomes more complicated. In the younger groups, the rules are very simple and suggestive in nature, their number is small (1-2), they are connected with the plot, follow from the content of the game. Compliance with the rules comes down to actions on a signal: on one signal, the children run out of the house, on the other they return to their places. Over time, restrictions on actions are introduced: run away in a certain direction; caught to step aside.
In games with elements of competition, at first everyone acts for himself (whoever manages to bring the object before everyone else), then collective responsibility is introduced: the competitors are divided into groups, the result of the entire team is taken into account (whose group will hit the target more times); competitions are held on the quality of performance (whose column is better built; who will never drop the ball), as well as on speed (who will run to the flag faster).

Outdoor games of young children are often accompanied by words - poems, songs, recitative, which reveal the content of the game and its rules; explain what movement and how to perform; serve as start and end signals; suggest rhythm and tempo (“On a flat path”, “Horses”, etc.). Games accompanied by text are also given in older groups, and the words are often pronounced in chorus (“We are funny guys”, etc.)

The text sets the pace for the movement. The end of the text serves as a signal to stop the action or to start new movements. At the same time, pronunciation of words is a rest after intense movements.

Methodology for outdoor games

in junior, middle groups of preschool educational institutions

Choice of games. Games are selected in accordance with the tasks of education, the age characteristics of children, their state of health, preparedness. The place of the game in the mode of the day, the time of year, meteorological and climatic and other conditions are also taken into account. It is also necessary to take into account the degree of organization of children, their discipline: if they are not organized enough, then first you need to pick up a game of low mobility and play it in a circle.

Gathering children to play. You can bring the kids to play different methods. In the younger group, the teacher begins to play with 3-5 children, the rest gradually join them. Sometimes he rings a bell or picks up a beautiful toy (bunny, bear), attracting the attention of the kids and immediately involving them in the game.

Create interest in the game. First of all, you need to create interest in the game in children. Then they will better learn its rules, more clearly perform movements, experience an emotional upsurge. You can, for example, read poetry, sing a song on an appropriate topic, show children objects, toys that will meet in the game. It is often possible to lead to the game by asking questions, guessing riddles. In particular, you can ask: “What did you draw today?” Children, for example, will answer: "Spring, the arrival of birds." “Very good,” says the teacher. - Today we will play the game "Bird Flight". Children of the younger group can be shown a flag, a bunny, a bear and immediately ask: “Do you want to play with them?”

A good result is also given by a short story read or told by the teacher immediately before the game.

Organization of players, explanation of the game. When explaining the game, it is important to correctly place the children. The teacher most often puts the children of the younger group in the way it is necessary for the game (in a circle). In the younger group, all explanations are made, as a rule, during the game itself. Without interrupting it, the teacher places and moves the children, tells how to act. In older groups, the teacher announces the name, reveals the content and explains the rules, even before the start of the game. If the game is very complex, then it is not recommended to immediately give a detailed explanation, but it is better to do this: first explain the main thing, and then, during the game, supplement the main story with details. When the game is played again, the rules are clarified. If the game is familiar to children, you can involve them in the explanation. The explanation of the content and rules of the game should be concise, precise and emotional. In this case, intonation is of great importance. Explaining, it is especially necessary to highlight the rules of the game. Movements can be shown before or during the game. This is usually done by the teacher himself, and sometimes by one of the children of his choice. The explanation is often accompanied by a show: how a car drives out, how a bunny jumps.

The successful conduct of the game largely depends on the successful distribution of roles, so it is important to take into account the characteristics of children: shy, inactive ones can not always cope with a responsible role, but they must be gradually brought to this; on the other hand, one cannot always entrust responsible roles to the same children; it is desirable that everyone be able to fulfill these roles.

In games with young children, the teacher first takes on the lead role (for example, the cat in the game "Sparrows and the Cat"). And only then, when the kids get used to the game, he entrusts this role to the children themselves. Even during the explanation, he appoints the driver and puts the rest of the players in their places, but counting rhymes can also be used for this purpose. Sometimes those who have performed the role of the leader themselves choose their own deputy. In the older group, the game is first explained, then the roles are assigned and the children are placed. If the game is played for the first time, then the teacher does it, and then the players themselves. When dividing into columns, links, teams, it is necessary to group strong children with weaker ones, especially in such games where there is an element of competition (“The ball to the driver”, “Relay in a circle”).

You can mark the playing area in advance or during the explanation and placement of the players. Inventory, toys and attributes are usually handed out before the start of the game, sometimes they are placed in designated places, and children take them during the game.

gaming activity children are led by a teacher. Its role depends on the nature of the game itself, on the numerical and age composition of the group, on the behavior of the participants: the younger the children, the more actively the teacher manifests himself. When playing with younger children, he acts on a par with them, often playing the main role, and at the same time directs the game.

The methodology for conducting outdoor games in senior, preparatory groups of preschool educational institutions

Choice of games. Games are selected in accordance with the tasks of education, the age characteristics of children, their state of health, preparedness. The place of the game in the mode of the day, the time of year, meteorological and climatic and other conditions are also taken into account. It is also necessary to take into account the degree of organization of children, their discipline: if they are not organized enough, then first you need to pick up a game of low mobility and play it in a circle.

Gathering children to play. With the children of the older groups, you should agree in advance, even before entering the site, where they will gather, what game they will play and what signal they will start it (a word, a blow to a tambourine, a bell, a wave of a flag, etc.). In the older group, the teacher can instruct his assistants - the most active children to gather everyone for the game. There is another trick: after distributing the children into links, suggest, on a signal, to gather in the designated places as quickly as possible (note which link gathered sooner).

It is necessary to collect children quickly (1-2 minutes), because any delay reduces interest in the game.

Creating interest in the game . First of all, you need to create interest in the game in children. Then they will better learn its rules, more clearly perform movements, experience an emotional upsurge. You can, for example, read poetry, sing a song on an appropriate topic, show children objects, toys that will meet in the game. It is often possible to lead to the game by asking questions, guessing riddles. In particular, you can ask: “What did you draw today?” Children, for example, will answer: "Spring, the arrival of birds." “Very good,” says the teacher. - Today we will play the game "Bird Flight".

Organization of players, explanation of the game . He can build an older group in a line, in a semicircle, or gather around him (in a flock). The teacher must stand so that everyone can see him (facing the children when building in a line, in a semicircle; next to them if the children are gathered in a circle).

Game play and management.

In the middle and senior groups, the teacher at first also plays the main role himself, and then transfers it to the children. He also participates in the game when there is not enough pair ("Find yourself a pair"). The direct participation of the educator in the game raises interest in it, makes it more emotional.
The teacher gives commands or sound and visual signals to the beginning of the game: hitting a tambourine, drum, rattle, musical chord, clapping, waving a colored flag, hand. Sound signals should not be too loud: strong blows, sharp whistles excite small children.

The teacher makes instructions, both during the game and before repeating it, evaluates the actions and behavior of the children. However, one should not abuse the indications of the incorrect execution of movements: comments can reduce the positive emotions that arise during the game. It is better to give instructions in a positive way, maintaining a joyful mood, encouraging decisiveness, dexterity, resourcefulness, initiative - all this makes children want to follow the rules of the game exactly.

The teacher suggests how it is more expedient to perform the movement, catch and dodge (change direction, slip unnoticed or run past the “trap”, stop quickly), reminds that poetry should be read expressively and not too loudly.

The teacher monitors the actions of the children and does not allow long-term static postures (squatting, standing on one leg, raising the arms forward, up), which cause narrowing of the chest and impaired blood circulation, monitors the general condition and well-being of each child.

The teacher regulates physical activity, which should increase gradually. If, for example, at the first time the game is played, children are allowed to run for 10 seconds, then when it is repeated, the load is slightly increased; on the fourth repetition, it reaches the limiting norm, and on the fifth or sixth it decreases. The load can be increased by changing the pace of the movements.

Games of great mobility are repeated 3-4 times, more calm - 4-6 times. Pauses between repetitions 0.3-0.5 minutes. During the pause, the children perform lighter exercises or say the words of the text. The total duration of the outdoor game gradually increases from 5 minutes in the younger groups to 15 minutes in the older ones.

The end of the game and summing up. In the younger groups, the teacher ends the game with a proposal to move on to some other activities of a more relaxed nature. In the older groups, the results of the game are summed up: those who correctly performed the movements, showed dexterity, speed, ingenuity, ingenuity, followed the rules, rescued their comrades. The teacher also names those who violated the rules and interfered with their comrades. He analyzes how he managed to achieve success in the game, why the "trap" quickly caught some, while others never caught him. Summing up the results of the game should take place in an interesting and entertaining way in order to create a desire to achieve even better results next time. All children should be involved in the discussion of the game. This teaches them to analyze their actions, causes a more conscious attitude towards the implementation of the rules of the game and movements.

References:

Litvinova M.F., Outdoor games and exercises for children of the third year of life: A methodological guide for employees of preschool educational institutions - M .: Linka - Press, 2005.

Prishchepa S.S., Physical development and health of children 3-7 years old: A review of preschool education programs. - M.: TC Sphere, 2009

Stepanenkova E.Ya. Theory and methodology of physical education and development of preschoolers. / M .: 2001

Peculiarities of outdoor games and guidance of motor-playing activities in different age groups

Velmeseva M.Yu.,

physical education instructor

MBDOU kindergarten No. 402 "Goldfish"

Nizhny Novgorod

Physical education and sports are good for health - everyone knows about it. And the fact that movement is necessary for the physical and mental development of the child is written in almost all books on the upbringing of children.

In the practice of kindergarten, different types of games are widely used, but among the variety, one should single out those in which all the players are involved in active motor actions, determined by the plot and rules and aimed at achieving a certain conditional goal set for the children by adults or the participants themselves.

Mobile games as a type of activity are characterized by changing conditions of certain actions, so most of them are associated with the manifestation of motor abilities; speed-strength, coordination, endurance, strength, flexibility.

Mobile games are diverse in content and organization. Some have a plot, roles and rules, the second ones have no plot and roles, only motor tasks are offered, in the third - a plot, the actions are conditioned by the text that determines the nature of the movements and their sequence.

All games for preschoolers built on movement can be divided into two large groups: outdoor games with rules and sports.

Mobile games with rules - these are games that are different in content, organization, complexity of rules and motor tasks:

Story ("At the bear in the forest", "Cunning fox"). Games of this type are built on the basis of the experience of children, their ideas and knowledge about the world around them, natural phenomena, professions, means of transport, lifestyle and habits of animals and birds;

Plotless ("Traps", "Salki"). Such games are very close to story games, but they do not have images that children imitate, all other components are the same: the presence of rules, the main role, interconnected game actions of all participants;

Game exercises ("On the bridge", "Through the stream"). There are no game actions of a group of children in them, each child acts according to a separate instruction of the teacher, and the performance of motor tasks depends only on him and his capabilities.

Games are fun (run in a bag, hit the ball with your eyes closed). Motor tasks in these games are performed in unusual conditions and often include an element of competition.

To sports games - include games according to simplified rules or elements of games in towns, basketball, badminton, table tennis, football, hockey.

Organization of outdoor games

Outdoor games and exercises are held daily:

• in the morning (before breakfast)

• before and between sessions

• on a morning or evening walk

	days of physical loads	Days without physical loads
1 junior gr. An evening walk
2 junior gr. An evening walk
Average gr. An evening walk
Senior gr. An evening walk
Will prepare. gr. An evening walk

When selecting and conducting games and exercises, the educator should take into account the nature of the classes preceding the walk. Games are most effective after looking at pictures, repeating verses, and constructing. At this time, you can introduce a new game that requires attention from children to learn the rules or a motor task. After a more complex type of activity: mathematics, retelling of a literary work, when increased attention is required from the child, it is more expedient to play familiar games. On the days of sports and music lessons p / games are held more in the afternoon and they should be of low and medium mobility, round dance.

It is important that all year round (under favorable weather conditions) children can play and exercise in the fresh air, satisfying their need for movement, improving their motor skills in ATS, outdoor and sports games.

Directly educational activities for physical development on a walk, built on outdoor games.

A lesson based on p/games is advisable to use to relieve tension after classes with an increased intellectual load, to consolidate movements in new conditions, to get positive emotions.

The introductory part of such a lesson may not be long, since the preparation of the body for physical activity will continue the game of medium or low mobility.

The main part can include games of high mobility that improve the types of movements.

The final part consists of games that reduce the load, low mobility, round dance.

Features of outdoor games and game management

1st junior group

The horizons of children of this age are small, attention is not stable, therefore, games with simple and accessible rules and a plot are recommended for them. The characters are well known to children, they are met in everyday life (cat, birds) or with whom it is easy to introduce them using a picture, a toy, a fairy tale. The rules are very simple and closely related to the plot.

A large place at this age is occupied by game exercises, they include the simplest motor tasks (bring a flag, catch up with the ball).

During the game, all the kids perform the same roles and movements, several images are not introduced into the game. The leading role is performed only by an adult.

Young children learn all the subtleties of the game rather poorly, so it is advisable to play the same game 2-3 times in a row, then offer a familiar one, and then return to the first game again.

The teacher often has to combine the role in the game and the leadership of the game, but this does not bother the kids at all. It is very important that the teacher, participating in the game, give a pattern of movements and suggest the course of the game.

2nd junior group

When selecting and conducting games, it is important to take into account the previous type of activity, children learn new games better if they looked at a picture, repeated a poem or constructed before the game, since children are not tired and will be able to perceive a new motor task. After difficult classes that require increased attention from the child, concentration, n. development of mathematical concepts, it is better not to offer new games to kids, but to repeat familiar ones.

At this age, tasks appear in games related to memorizing objects, shapes, distinguishing primary colors, sounds (“Find your color”, “Run to the flag”), most games have detailed plots and conditioned roles (“Cat and Mice”, "Train") the name of the game usually determines the game behavior. At this age, the child can already take on the main role. The upbringing and educational side of p / games is enhanced if, when repeated, they are slightly modified (not to pass, but to run) or become more difficult. At this age, the explanation of the game is accompanied by a display of game actions, in the future, the explanation of the plot and rules precede the game.

At this age, it is already necessary to achieve the exact implementation of the rules and conditions of the game.

middle group

The motor activity of children of the middle group is largely due to a large stock of skills and abilities, good spatial orientation, the desire to perform movements together, showing endurance, quick wits. The child is already interested in more complex movements that require dexterity, speed, accuracy. They compete with pleasure, who will jump further or who will collect more. Interactions in the game are becoming more complicated, where the result depends on the coordination of actions in the game (“Find a Pair”, “Colored Cars”), on the ability to quickly and in an organized manner form units, taking into account the interest of comrades.

Most games have detailed plots that determine the content of movements, in many games there is a role of a driver, as a rule, it is one, but when the game becomes more complicated, you can introduce a second driver n. "A bear in the forest" has two bears.

The explanation of the game should be brief, concern only the most important, the poetic text of the game is memorized by children right during the game.

In the middle group, the teacher rarely plays the role of a leader, during the year it is necessary to attract all children to play the leading roles. At this age, the children themselves choose the role of the driver.

It is impossible to give instructions during the game, to achieve accuracy of execution - this reduces the emotional mood of the game, their activity, comments on violation of the rules are made at the end of the game. the bear wouldn't have caught you if you hadn't pushed the boys.

The rules in games for middle children are getting more complicated; catch only by touching, when caught, step aside. The attention of the educator should be directed not to increasing the number of games, but to repeating and complicating those already familiar, so that by the end of the year the children themselves can organize the game with a small group of peers.

The game is repeated in 2-3 lessons, walks, then after a while we return to it again. When repeated, you can complicate the content and rules of the game, modify the organization of children.

Senior group

In this age group, the content of p / games becomes even more complicated due to the expansion of the horizons of children, new images and plots are included that are familiar from books, stories of the educator, film screenings, in which games reflect different professions (“Firefighters in training”, “Hunter and hares). A large place in the older groups is occupied by plotless games like "Traps", as well as with elements of competition, at the beginning of the year, individual, then in groups.

Responsible roles in the game are played by the children themselves, the teacher reminds the rules and monitors their implementation, watches how the children perform the game movement, gives signals. However, sometimes the participation of the educator is necessary, he can take on the role and show how to move quickly in order to catch many children, this technique greatly enlivens the game, contributes to the emotional mood.

When distributing roles, as a rule, counting rhymes are used, the teacher participates only when it is necessary to create links or teams of equal strength.

The explanation of the game in the senior group takes place not only during the game, but immediately before the game. The teacher explains the content of the game from beginning to end, especially pays attention to the rules.

In the older group, children are already interested not only in the process of the game, but in its result, so summing up is of great educational importance. It is important to fairly note the winners, to explain that even a good result in violation of the rules will not lead to a win.

preparatory group

In the preparatory group, children are more independent in organizing p / games. The child knows a large number of games, their content and rules, he imagines their possible motor and emotional richness. This allows you to choose games according to your interests and desires.

In this group, the importance of games and exercises is especially great for consolidating and improving children's skills in the main types of movements, the development of physical qualities: speed, strength, dexterity. Children begin to act in the most effective ways with maximum mobilization of efforts to achieve results, showing positive moral and volitional qualities.

The manifestation of physical and moral-volitional qualities is most facilitated by the participation of the child in such games, where the overall result is important, which depends on the interaction of the participants in the game. This is especially true in relay races.

In outdoor games for aunts of the 7th year, the amusement of the plot is no longer of great importance, the behavior of children is now already regulated by the rules of the game, which the child consciously follows.

The requirements for the exact implementation of the rules contribute to the cultivation of endurance, discipline, and a sense of responsibility. The emotionality of p / games, the interest of children lead to the fact that older preschoolers increasingly organize them themselves, on their own initiative.

Explaining the new game, the teacher tries to ensure that the children imagine its entire course, the nature and methods of the characters' actions, and understand the rules. An initial explanation of the difficult moments of the game may be followed by a demonstration. The distribution of roles should be equal in strength, the children themselves are beginning to understand the reasonable distribution of forces.

Summing up is very important. The teacher helps children realize how important it is to achieve a positive result according to the rules, and not a result by any means. This prevents possible negative manifestations, reduces excessive excitability, excitement.

In the preparatory group, all children should learn how to independently organize and conduct p / games, it is very important to encourage children's playful creativity.