Do-it-yourself tangram (game schemes, figures). Do-it-yourself tangram (game schemes, figures) Assemble a rectangle of 4

Tangram - an old oriental puzzle of figures obtained by cutting a square into 7 parts in a special way: 2 large triangles, one medium, 2 small triangles, a square and a parallelogram. As a result of folding these parts with each other, flat figures are obtained, the contours of which resemble all kinds of objects, ranging from humans, animals and ending with tools and household items. These types of puzzles are often referred to as "geometric construction sets", "cardboard puzzles" or "cut puzzles".

With a tangram, a child will learn to analyze images, highlight in them geometric figures, learn to visually break the whole object into parts, and vice versa - to compose a given model from elements, and most importantly - to think logically.

How to make a tangram

A tangram can be made from cardboard or paper by printing out a template and cutting along the lines. You can download and print the tangram square diagram by clicking on the picture and selecting "print" or "save picture as...".

It is possible without a template. We draw a diagonal in a square - we get 2 triangles. Cut one of them in half into 2 small triangles. We mark the middle on each side of the second large triangle. We cut off the middle triangle and the rest of the figures at these marks. There are other options for how to draw a tangram, but when you cut it into pieces, they will be exactly the same.

A more practical and durable tangram can be cut from a rigid office folder or a plastic DVD box. You can complicate your task a little by cutting out tangrams from pieces of different felt, overcasting them around the edges, or even from plywood or wood.

How to play tangram

Each figure of the game must be made up of seven parts of the tangram, and at the same time they must not overlap.

The easiest option for preschool children 4-5 years old is to assemble figures according to diagrams (answers) drawn into elements, like a mosaic. A little practice, and the child will learn to make figures according to the contour pattern and even invent their own figures according to the same principle.

Schemes and figures of the game tangram

AT recent times tangram is often used by designers. The most successful use of tangram, perhaps, as furniture. There are tangram tables, and transformable upholstered furniture, and cabinet furniture. All furniture, built on the principle of tangram, is quite comfortable and functional. It can be modified depending on the mood and desire of the owner. How many different options and combinations can be made from triangular, square and quadrangular shelves. When buying such furniture, along with instructions, the buyer is given several sheets with pictures on various topics that can be folded from these shelves.In the living room you can hang shelves in the form of people, in the nursery you can put cats, hares and birds out of the same shelves, and in the dining room or library - the drawing can be on a construction theme - houses, castles, temples.

Here is such a multifunctional tangram.

“Pentamino” is one of the most popular puzzle games in the world, peaking in popularity at the end of the 60s. The game itself was described in detail in the journal Science and Life. Both children and adults can play this puzzle.

The Pentomino puzzle was patented by Solomon Wolf Golomb, a Baltimore resident, mathematician and engineer, professor at the University of Southern California. The game consists of flat figures, each of which consists of five identical squares connected to each other by the sides, hence the name. There is also a version of Tetramino puzzles, consisting of four squares, from this game the famous Tetris originated.

Elements of Pentomino

The game set "Pentamino" consists of 12 figures. Each figure is denoted by a Latin letter, the shape of which it resembles. When solving problems and puzzles, the figures can be turned and turned over, so when making a game with your own hands, make the elements double-sided.

Popular puzzles

Games and toys based on Pentomino

Now in online stores you can find games and puzzles made on the basis of Pentomino elements.

DIY pentomino

We suggest making game elements from thick cardboard or plastic and pasting over with colored paper or adhesive film. Below is a version of the manufacture of cardboard.

• We draw each element on hard cardboard or plastic. It is better to draw, each element separately, without folding into a rectangle - it will be easier to cut out.

• Cut out the first “U” shape, recheck the dimensions. Next, we cut out all the other elements, checking that they calmly enter the “U” element with their convex parts. Trim if needed. The photo shows elements with a square module size of 2.5 x 2.5 centimeters.

• We circle the finished cardboard element on colored paper folded in half and cut out two colored parts at once. It is better to make colored parts a little smaller than cardboard ones, and they stick better, and the edges will not come off from frequent use.

• We glue colored paper on both sides to the cardboard.

• We find a box for storing parts, where we will also put the schemes and tasks for the game. Schemes can be printed on the site, or you can draw and color on a notebook sheet in a box.

Pentomino - very popular logic game and puzzle at the same time. The elements in the game are flat figures, each of which consists of five identical squares. There are 12 elements in total in the game.

Look at the picture - this is how the pentomino parts look. It's very easy to make a game like this.

Print out this sheet and stick it on cardboard. leave under pressure (books, albums) until dry. Cut out the details. The game is ready.

If you have a color printer, you can print this template. By the way, in this picture one of the tasks is to assemble a rectangle without “holes” from all the details. This is the most common task in pentomino - to fold all the figures, without overlaps and gaps, into a rectangle. Since each of the 12 figures includes 5 squares, the rectangle must have an area of ​​60 unit squares. Rectangles 6x10, 5x12, 4x15 and 3x20 are possible.

And these are task cards for kids. See what interesting figures can be put together from puzzle pieces.

And finally, a small hint to the tasks and a couple more tasks just like that.