Assemble a square of 4 parts. Do-it-yourself tangram (game schemes, figures)

Put a box of matches on the table and turn away, don't peek!

Ask a friend to arrange an arbitrary (but not very small) number of matches in two rows: in the bottom row there is one match less than in the top one.

Then ask them to select the number of matches you named from the top row (for example, 12). Let a friend not show you these matches!

Now, without looking at the table and not knowing how many matches a friend took, you can tell how many matches are left on the table! They will remain exactly one less than the number you assigned at the beginning (in this case there will be 11)!

Try to explain what the secret of this trick is.
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Manufacturing instructions: copy the page, paste the copy neatly on a sheet of cardboard. Cut out the puzzle pieces.

Exercise 1. From all 11 pieces of the puzzle, assemble the balloon as shown in the picture on the right.

All parts must be used; they cannot be imposed, they can only be applied; between the parts there should not be empty spaces not filled by them.

Task 2. Parts of the ball is an exciting game, you can collect many amazing figures from them and come up with names for them. Play it with your friends or parents.

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Materials and tools for making a puzzle: paper, cardboard, glue, scissors.

Manufacturing instructions: copy the page, glue the copy carefully onto a sheet of cardboard and cut out the puzzle pieces along the outline.

Exercise 1. The puzzle has five parts. Take four of them - all but the square. Make a square out of them.

Parts cannot be superimposed, they can only be applied; between the parts there should not be empty spaces not filled by them.

Task 2. Now try to assemble a square according to the same rules from all five parts. Think it's impossible? You are wrong - even as possible!

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Materials and tools for making a puzzle: thick cardboard, rope, ring, knife, awl.

Manufacturing instructions: cut a rectangle out of cardboard and cut a hole in its center, large enough for the ropes to move through easily, but at the same time, the ring does not pass through it. Poke two holes around the edges with an awl to secure the rope to a piece of cardboard. Remember: the bigger the rectangle and the heavier the rope, the easier it will be to solve the puzzle!

Assemble the puzzle as shown in the picture below. If the loops are tied incorrectly - as in the upper picture - the problem will not have a solution!

The task. Try to move the ring off the loop BUT on a loop IN.

Nikitin puzzles are incredibly useful games aimed at developing intelligence, spatial imagination, logical thinking, mathematical and creative abilities. For a long time I wanted to make a magnetic game, fold the square with your own hands. The other day I bought a magnetic vinyl with an adhesive layer. Before that, I always bought without an adhesive layer and printed all the game materials on self-adhesive. And then I found velvet colored paper and decided to make a game of folding a square out of it. To be honest, I don’t remember where this velvet paper came from, I probably inherited it from my mother, she is my teacher and I probably have a craving for all kinds of games and crafts for children with my own hands.

So, I decided to make Nikitin's magnetic puzzle with my own hands, for this I needed:

1. Magnetic vinyl with an adhesive layer 0.5 mm thick;
2. Velvet colored paper;
3. Scissors;
4. Pencil;
5. Ruler;
6. Stationery knife;
7. Wooden board as a support for cutting out details.

From colored paper, I cut out multi-colored squares with a side of 5 cm. In the original, the side of the squares is 6 cm.

DIY square fold game

I removed the protective paper from the magnetic vinyl and glued all the squares to the side with the adhesive layer.

DIY square fold game

DIY square fold game

I cut out the squares, and then focusing on the diagrams ( diagrams can be found at the end of this post.) cut them all into pieces with a clerical knife. Since my child is already 4 years old, I decided to immediately make the puzzle more difficult by cutting the squares into 3, 4 and 5 parts.

The result is such a “velvet” game, fold the square with your own hands. To be honest, it’s quite difficult to assemble squares from parts, even though I cut them myself, after a while I forgot how to assemble them again, and by the evening I completely forgot how to fold squares from 4-5 parts.

You can fold these squares on any magnetic surface: on the refrigerator as in the photo or on the children's magnetic board as shown below.

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

DIY square fold game

DIY square fold game

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

The whole evening we were solving puzzles with the whole family and collecting these squares on a magnetic board. We started with 3-part squares and gradually moved on to more complex 4- and 5-part squares. Our dad was so carried away that even when everyone was already tired, he selflessly collected all the squares.

So we can safely say that this game is a puzzle game for the whole family, we recommend it!

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

DIY square fold game

DIY square fold game

DIY square fold game

Puzzle Nikitin - fold the square with your own hands

Do-it-yourself Nikitin puzzle

DIY square fold game

I took the diagrams of how to cut the squares for the sample from the official website http://nikitiny.ru/Slozhi-kvadrat.

Hurrah, hurrah, hurrah! I finally finished a game - a puzzle "Fold a square" according to the Nikitin method.

The essence of the game in order to fold a square from small parts of different shapes. First, we collect squares from two and three parts. Then out of four, five, etc. That is, we go from simple to complex.Each square is a different color.The game develops intelligence, spatial imagination, logical thinking, mathematical and creative abilities, color perception. I think that the game is exciting not only for children, but also for adults.And some squares are quite difficult to assemble even for adults. We play this game with pleasure as a family. ;)

This game can be purchased in stores, but you can also make it yourself from plywood, cardboard, linoleum or other improvised materials.

Here manufacturing process:

As you can see, everything is simple. I made a frame out of cardboard (even two) and a lot of squares. Each is approximately 8x8 cm in size. I glued the squares on one side with colored paper, each of a different color. The frame was covered with colored tape. This is the final frame:

The game "Fold the square", which is in stores, is also framed. But on the Nikitins' website there is no talk of any frame. Indeed, it is much more difficult to make squares without a frame, the frame makes this task easier. Many parents, when creating this game on their own, refuse the framework for this very reason. But I decided to still make a frame, let it be)) And collect the squares both with it and without it, which we do.

On the mentioned site of the Nikitins there are schemes of squares, but you can get creative and create your own)

After I glued the cardboard squares with colored paper and dried them, I marked the squares with a pencil into pieces and then cut them along the lines. I wrote the number of the square on each part of it.on the back side, so as not to confuse the parts later (I have some squares of the same colors). And then I taped the pieces with tape to keep them longer.

These are the squares I got.

The easiest to assemble:

The black square is not cut. The rest consist of two or three parts. With these squares, the daughter copes with ease both in the frame and without it.

Second difficulty level:

Here, the squares already consist of three, four and even five parts. At this level of difficulty, the daughter has not yet been able to collect three squares. And those that she collects are assembled with greater success in the frame than without it. But we try this way and that.

Next level of difficulty:

Here, my daughter also manages to collect some squares, some not yet.

And two more boxes:

Squares, except for the last brown one, I made according to the schemes given on the Nikitin website. But I have not done all the proposed options yet, but how many more can I think of!I store the squares of each difficulty level in separate files.

How do we play squares?

1) I give my daughter a file with parts of squares of the same difficulty level. She has several problems to solve. Firstly, arrange all parts by color. Then to try collect squares from elements of the same color. As I already wrote, we collect both without a frame and in a frame. In parallel, you can study what figures a square consists of.

2) You can play the game offered on the Nikitins website, namely: build a path for dolls from squares. We take out the first whole square, the child folds it. And the next square already consists of several parts. You can come up with a whole story: "Oh, someone cut the square. What should we do now?" Not only does the child need to make a square of parts, but also to attach it evenly to the previous square. This is how we build the path. And then the dolls walk on it;)

In addition to the path, you can come up with other game plots, for example, build square houses, clearings, etc.

3) Is it possible to offer parts of the squares make some figures, design: Christmas trees, houses, boats, animals, etc. Both according to a given example, and allowing you to create on your own.

4) You can offer the child find and select all triangles, quadrilaterals etc.

5) Can be offered expand all parts of the squares according to their size: from smallest to largest.

6) For those who are already starting to study numbers, you can give a task sort parts of squares not only by colors, but also by numbers signed on the back of each part.

Separately, I would like to dwell on our last brown square. This tangram.

tangram- this is a fairly well-known independent puzzle, which is a square cut into 7 parts: 2 large triangles, 1 medium, 2 small ones, a square and a parallelogram. The essence of the game "Tangram" is to assemble some figure from its parts: a person, animals, etc. There are many different combinations.

See you soon!

Antonina Efimova Spring,

P.S. I would be pleased if you express your opinion about the article you read. This can be done in three ways:

1) Leave a comment. The comment form is below. I enjoy interacting with my readers. :)

Tangram - an old oriental puzzle of figures obtained by cutting a square into 7 parts in a special way: 2 large triangles, one medium, 2 small triangles, a square and a parallelogram. As a result of folding these parts with each other, flat figures are obtained, the contours of which resemble all kinds of objects, ranging from humans, animals and ending with tools and household items. These types of puzzles are often referred to as "geometric construction sets", "cardboard puzzles" or "cut puzzles".

With a tangram, a child will learn to analyze images, highlight geometric shapes in them, learn to visually break an entire object into parts, and vice versa - to compose a given model from elements, and most importantly - to think logically.

How to make a tangram

A tangram can be made from cardboard or paper by printing out a template and cutting along the lines. You can download and print the tangram square diagram by clicking on the picture and selecting "print" or "save picture as...".

It is possible without a template. We draw a diagonal in a square - we get 2 triangles. Cut one of them in half into 2 small triangles. We mark the middle on each side of the second large triangle. We cut off the middle triangle and the rest of the figures at these marks. There are other options for how to draw a tangram, but when you cut it into pieces, they will be exactly the same.

A more practical and durable tangram can be cut from a rigid office folder or a plastic DVD box. You can complicate your task a little by cutting out tangrams from pieces of different felt, overcasting them around the edges, or even from plywood or wood.

How to play tangram

Each figure of the game must be made up of seven parts of the tangram, and at the same time they must not overlap.

The easiest option for preschool children 4-5 years old is to assemble figures according to diagrams (answers) drawn into elements, like a mosaic. A little practice, and the child will learn to make figures according to the contour pattern and even invent their own figures according to the same principle.

Schemes and figures of the game tangram

Recently, designers have often used tangram. The most successful use of tangram, perhaps, as furniture. There are tangram tables, and transformable upholstered furniture, and cabinet furniture. All furniture, built on the principle of tangram, is quite comfortable and functional. It can be modified depending on the mood and desire of the owner. How many different options and combinations can be made from triangular, square and quadrangular shelves. When buying such furniture, along with instructions, the buyer is given several sheets with pictures on various topics that can be folded from these shelves.In the living room you can hang shelves in the form of people, in the nursery you can put cats, hares and birds out of the same shelves, and in the dining room or library - the drawing can be on a construction theme - houses, castles, temples.

Here is such a multifunctional tangram.

1 level

2 level

Buy the game Nikitins FILL SQUARE3 level

Game Description

This game originated from a puzzle in which it was required to fold a square from several pieces of various shapes. The puzzle was difficult even for adults, but children also took it on, and the failure of their attempts prompted us to make a series of simpler tasks that would gradually lead to the solution of a complex one.

Receiving parts of the square and the task “fold the square”, the baby performs several types of work, unequal in content and degree of complexity. The youngest begin to understand that parts, sometimes even very strange shapes, can be folded into a square. They remind you to turn all the pieces on the front side and select the pieces by color or by shades of colors. Thus, there is a training in the development of color perception and ingenuity in solving the problem of parts of the whole, their possible relationships and mutual arrangements. The gradual complication of tasks allows the kid to advance independently, and the “icebreaker” methods must be applied each time from familiar and simpler tasks, as in other games. This makes hint and explanation redundant.

How to make a game

Prepare 24 multi-colored paper squares 80x80 mm. Stick them on thick cardboard 1-2 mm thick and put them under the press. When the glue is dry, mark the squares as shown in fig. 28. Carefully cut the squares into pieces along the lines marked on each square. After cutting one square into pieces, be sure to put the number of the square on each part of it on the back. And only then cut the next square into pieces. Do not cut the sample - square No. 1 (SK-1).

Rice. 28

Rice. 29

The squares shown in fig. 28–29, serve as the key to the solution, allow you to restore the lost parts of the square and give an idea of ​​​​all the tasks of the game at the same time. The numbering of each part helps adults control the task.

You can take colored plastic as a material for squares. The appearance of the game becomes more attractive, and it will last longer, but you need to choose 23 different shades of colors, which is difficult, or paint in 23 colors, and plastic is more difficult to process.

For the game, you need to make or pick up a suitable box, and for kids 2-4 years old, it is advisable to store pieces from each square in a separate bag or envelope under the same number as the square.

Thus, you will get 85 pieces of multi-colored cardboard, from which 24 squares can be folded. At the same time, choose the shades of colors so different from each other that all the squares can be easily distinguished by color.

How to play

If all parts of the squares are mixed in a box or poured onto the table, then the child will, firstly, sort all the pieces of cardboard by color and arrange them into 23 piles in numerical order. Here the child learns to distinguish not only colors, but also their shades, and, therefore, develops color vision. Second, fold each pile of pieces into one square the same size as the uncut sample CK-1 to make 24 whole squares. This means solving 23 problems of gradually increasing complexity. After all, the first 3 squares are cut only into 2 parts, then 8 squares are made up of 3 parts, then 4 and, finally, even 5. Only schoolchildren or adults can do such a task, and not everyone will be able to complete it if you are not familiar with the sample solution. Kids, on the other hand, solve these “problems” for several years, starting with simple ones and then getting to more and more complex ones.

Lyubochka was 1.5 years old when I took the first packages with squares for her and began to tell a fairy tale: “Once upon a time there was a girl Lyubochka. She was such a craftswoman, she knew how to do everything and even cut paper and cardboard with large scissors. And she made different colored squares for the path for her dolls, beautiful, beautiful. I did it all day, and in the evening I put these squares in such gray bags and went to bed ... The night passed, and in the morning Lyubochka took the bags and began to take out her squares ... ”Here I give Lyuba the first bag, and she takes out a black square from there. Heard a fairy tale and 4-year-old brother Vanya. He settled down next to me and watches me and Anyone.

- From such good squares Lyubochka will make a path for Yulia's doll. Let's put a square next to the doll.

And Lyuba diligently moves the first square closer to the doll. But in the second package there is not a square, but 2 rectangles, and Lyubochka looks at them in bewilderment. I'm "surprised" too.

“Someone cut the square, and it turned out two rectangles. What are we to do now, Lyubochka?

Lyuba shifts her gaze from the rectangles to me, and then takes them and presses one half to the other; they, fortunately, are turned with the painted side towards us. I can't help but smile and in a joyful tone I say to Lyuba: “That's good! Now put them next to the black square!” And she carefully places the pieces of cardboard on the table. The first piece lies next to the whole square, and the second one has moved forward, and Lyuba is trying to move it close. She does not succeed immediately: either the piece is in front, or behind. Vanya and I, no less than Luba herself, want him to lie down well, and we are carefully watching her. But now, finally, he is in place, Lyuba looks at us, and we both smile, say: “Good job!”, And Vanya even claps his hands and happily adds “Ulya, ulya!” (Hooray!)

But the next square, cut diagonally, does not add up for Lyuba in any way - the halves move forward and backward, they do not stop where they need to. We silently watch with Vanya, and after 30 seconds Lyuba left her naughty halves and turned to the cat that jumped onto the bench. We did not call Lyuba, and then Vanya took out the pieces of squares from the packages, carefully putting them one on top of the other, eliminating even millimeter gaps, and made a colored path for the doll almost across the entire table. He did not get a square only from the SK-10 package.

- A very good, even path turned out for the chrysalis! - Vanya encouraged. - Will you be able to run your fingers along such a path? Like this! - I put my index and middle fingers on the path and carefully "step" along it. Vanya copies my movements, and after the “walk” we return to SK-10 again.

- And let's put these difficult pieces in the tenth package for now. And we will write in your diary that you have folded the ninth square today. Well done Vanya!

Lyuba came back to us from the cat when Vanya and I were packing the squares into our bags. Vanya laid out the empty packages in a row “in order”, i.e. so that the large numbers on each envelope were visible and went in the order of numbers (this is also a kind of task - “arrange the packages by numbers”). And now he took the package SK-3 and, having checked that the number 3 is on the pieces of the square on the back side, he put it in the package. Lyuba also wanted to do this, and Vanya, giving her another package, explained: “Put the green pieces here!” So Lyuba helped us put the rest of the squares into packages, having apparently learned at the same time that only one-color pieces are put into each package.

Two days later, when we began to fold the “parquet floor” from the squares, Lyuba already got 3 squares: SK-2, SK-4 and SK-5.

So gradually the kids solve these “problems”: today they managed to add up only the square SK-2, and two days later SK-3 and SK-4. And then, several times in a row, not a single new square could be added, and the game was “forgotten” for a week or even more. Returning to it, the baby will be able not only to cope with the first tasks he once solved, but also to step much further.

There are no strictly limited and completed tasks in the game "Fold the Square" as in other games. The main task of adults is to proceed from the level of development of the child. It is necessary to start with obviously easy and feasible tasks so that the baby can be praised and approved. The beginning of a new game must necessarily be associated with pleasant experiences for the child, if we want the games to fascinate him.

Complications of heating are introduced in the following order:

1. First give only sample CK-1 and envelope with square CK-2. Will the baby be able to get them out of the envelopes and put them close together? If he distinguishes colors, then you can give 4 envelopes at once. Let the child himself take out pieces of the square from the envelopes, turn them face up, pick up pieces of the same color (tone), put the square in himself. After the game, he himself can put the pieces of squares into envelopes or bags.

2. You can increase the number of envelopes with squares, adding 1-2 new ones each time (but you can offer 8-10 new ones at once, if you are sure that the baby will cope with the majority) and laying it in the form of a path, a large square (out of 4, 9 or 16 pieces) or in the form of a rectangle (of 6, 8, 10, 12 pieces).

3. You can pre-mix pieces from several squares and put them in one bag so that the baby has to sort them first by color into piles; and add the squares as usual, sequentially sorting out each pile.

4. The “Evil Fairy” mixed 5–10 and even 15 squares in one package, and they must be arranged not only in piles by color, but also in numerical order. Such a task can be done by developed kids from the age of 2.5–3, that is, from the time when they begin to count and recognize numbers. They also come across numbers in other games, and if adults have no fear that it is “overwhelming”, that knowledge of numbers “exceeds age capabilities”, and adults will treat numbers like all other words and concepts, then kids easily remember and they use numbers early (on a ruler, on a clock, on a thermometer, etc.).

5. From about 4 years old and older, you can already give the most difficult option - to disassemble by color and put in the order of numbers all 23 squares, the pieces of which some kind of “slob” piled up and mixed up. Then you will need a box measuring 85x85 mm, where they are stacked one on top of the other. The order of folding can sometimes be changed: once start from No. 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., and the next time start from the end, i.e., from No. 24, 23, 22, etc., so that at the top was a whole square of SK-1. If by this time there will still be “difficult squares” that are not amenable to the baby, then they can be put aside in a separate envelope or, judging by the situation, added to those that lie together.

6. In those cases when it is necessary, for example, to help the baby learn the numbering of numbers from 1 to 24, the task can be changed and, turning all the pieces on the table upside down, arrange them not by color, but by numbers on each piece of the square. The color can then only serve as a control or “not play” at all. They can even be folded into squares with numbers up.

7. When the baby will cope with the most difficult squares, you can give the task “for a while”. To do this, agree on the rules. For example, before starting, the child prepares a table for himself, puts a box on it, opens the lid and removes it from the table, but does not pour out the pieces from the box. Only at the command of the judge “On the start! Attention! Started!” you can pour the pieces out of the box onto the table and start sorting and stacking into squares. At the same time, the stopwatch starts or the time is recorded on the clock with a second hand. Improving his “record” each time, that is, reducing the time for disassembly and installation, the baby learns to find rational methods of work, save time and gradually becomes fast and efficient from slow. And if there are several sets of the game, then you can arrange real competitions with all sports attributes.

8. And, finally, the pinnacle of the complication of the game and its unlimited expansion is inventing and making new squares to the existing ones 24. In the game, squares are cut only along straight lines, but you can cut using a circle and its parts or other curves, otherwise arrange the lines cut, change the number of parts into which the square is divided, etc., etc. Here opens up an immense field of activity for the creative imagination of both children and adults. How many new “puzzle squares” can still be created!